In polymicrobial biofilms a high level of interspecies interactions occur with often detrimental effect to the host. Many chronic infections are attributed to polymicrobial biofilms which tend to exhibit increased resistance to antimicrobial therapy. Yet despite the gravity of such infections, areas of study in polymicrobial diseases are in their infancy. Thus, much work is needed to promote a ...

Patients who survive sepsis display suppressed immune functions, often manifested as an increased susceptibility to secondary infections. Recently, using a cecal-ligation and puncture (CLP) model of sepsis, we showed that sepsis induces substantial and long-lasting changes in the available naive CD8 + T cell repertoire affecting the capacity of the host to respond to newly encountered acute inf...

A 38-year-old male presented with pain and redness in his left eye. He had a history of wearing contact lenses. His ophthalmic examination revealed a large corneal ulcer with surrounding infiltrate. Cultures were isolated from the contact lenses, lens solutions, storage cases, and conjunctivae of both eyes and also corneal scrapings of the left eye. Fortified vancomycin and amikacin drops were ...

Introduction: Fournier’s gangrene is a rapidly progressive necrotizing soft tissue infection with very high mortality and due to evolving synergistic polymicrobial infections of aerobes anaerobes in perineum genital area. Multiple predisposing factors include diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, immunosuppression, renal hepatic disease. In the vast majority cases, scrotum most commonly affected. Case...

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is most often caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). UPEC inoculation into the female urinary tract (UT) can occur through physical activities that expose the UT to an inherently polymicrobial periurethral, vaginal, or gastrointestinal flora. We report that a common urogenital inhabitant and opportunistic pathogen, group B Streptococcus (GBS), when presen...

NFκB-dependent signaling is an important modulator of inflammation in several diseases including sepsis. G-protein-coupled receptor kinase-5 (GRK5) is an evolutionarily conserved regulator of the NFκB pathway. We hypothesized that GRK5 via NFκB regulation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of sepsis. To test this we utilized a clinically relevant polymicrobial sepsis model in mice that...

Pulmonary infection after a tsunami is often polymicrobial and tends to form chronic pyogenic lung disease, necrotizing pneumonia, and empyemas. We report a combined pulmonary infection of Legionella and multiple antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli in a previously well 75-year-old woman following immersion in tsunami waters 1 km inland from the Pacific coastline following the Tohoku Region Pa...

ABSTRACT Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare, life-threatening infection most commonly seen in patients with diabetes mellitus, intravenous drug abuse, and immunocompromised conditions. The extremities are the primary sites of involvement in as many as two thirds of the cases. In a significant proportion of patients, the extremities are involved as a result of trauma, needle puncture or extravasati...

Sir, Fournier ’s gangrene is an uncommon rapidly progressive polymicrobial (aerobes and anaerobes) infection of the genital, perineal and perianal region, 4] resulting in necrotizing fasciitis, due to endarteritis of scrotal vessels and gangrene of the scrotum. It can involve contiguous areas like the lower urinary tract, anus, rectum and colon. The course of disease is rapid and the disease ca...