Natural language understanding programs get bogged down by the multiplicity of possible syntactic structures while processing real world texts that human understanders do not have much difficulty with. In this work, I analyze the relationships between parsing strategies, the degree of local ambiguity encountered by them, and semantic feedback to syntax, and propose a parsing algorithm called He...

This paper assesses the economy-wide impact of implementing and financing a universal or basic income grant (BIG) in South Africa. The various financing scenarios suggested by the proponents of the grant are presented, and these are compared using an applied general equilibrium model for the South African economy. The results indicate that the required changes in direct and indirect tax rates n...

This paper investigates to what extent the use of paraphrasing in translation memory (TM) matching and retrieval is useful for human translators. Current translation memories lack semantic knowledge like paraphrasing in matching and retrieval. Due to this, paraphrased segments are often not retrieved. Lack of semantic knowledge also results in inappropriate ranking of the retrieved segments. Gu...

Many nutritional professionals believe that all Americans, regardless of income, have access to a nutritious diet of whole grains, lean meats, and fresh vegetables and fruit. In reality, food prices pose a significant barrier for many consumers who are trying to balance good nutrition with affordability. The Thrifty Food Plan (TFP), commonly cited as a model of a healthy low-cost diet, achieves...

The question whether epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) occurs during liver fibrogenesis is a controversial issue. In vitro studies confirm that hepatocytes or cholangiocytes undergo EMT upon transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) stimulation, whereas in vivo experiments based on genetic fate mapping of specific cell populations suggest that EMT does not occur in fibrotic animal models. In t...

Situated Action claims that action is guided by an environment featuring objects, including technologies, whose use is transparent to us. Work on affordances perceived properties of objects which, in the context of a given course of action, tell us directly what those objects are for helps explain this. It is argued that an affordance helps make a technology transparent because it is a function...

Y ou’re finishing up your visit with Mrs. Allen. She’s been your patient for more than 15 years. You’ve been treating her hypertension and type-2 diabetes for most of that time. Until recently, she was able to control both with some of the newer medications for these diseases. Over the past year, however, both her hypertension and diabetes have been sliding out of control. Her weight has rem...