conclusions concerning hand hygiene, the residents had moderate knowledge but overall poor attitudes and practices. the present study underscores the need for further improvement in the existing training programs to address the gaps in kap regarding hand hygiene. patients and methods this cross-sectional kap study was conducted among medical residents in imam hossein hospital, iran, 2013. all m...

With changing climatic conditions the balance in agricultural resources of semi-arid tropics are largely affected. This has led to impacts on the socio economic condition of resource poor cultivators / farmers. Technological advances in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) have achieved the capability to seamlessly gather real-time agro-meteorological and environmental data. In order to address the p...

BACKGROUND Information on the part that poor food-hygiene practices play a role in the development of diarrhea in low socioeconomic urban communities is lacking. This study was therefore aimed at assessing the contribution of food-hygiene practice to the prevalence of diarrhea among Indonesian children. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 274 randomly selected children aged 12...

PROBLEM The lack of proper water and sanitation infrastructures and poor hygiene practices in health-care facilities reduces facilities' preparedness and response to disease outbreaks and decreases the communities' trust in the health services provided. APPROACH To improve water and sanitation infrastructures and hygiene practices, the Liberian health ministry held multistakeholder meetings t...

one of the consequences of poor management and operation of irrigation systems, poor water delivery and distribution channels and divisions and consequently improper distribution of water level downstream. the study of simulation and performance evaluation software using hydrodynamic sobek varamin irrigation is done. in order to evaluate the network performance and compare the results of simula...

A comprehensive methodology that integrates erosion models, Geographic Information System (GIs) techniques, and a sediment delivery concept for estimating water erosion and sediment delivery at the watershed scale was presented. The method was applied to a typical agricultural watershed in the state of Idaho, which is subject to increasing soil erosion and flooding problems. The Revised Univers...

In the United States, government sponsored conservation programs are under increasing pressure to quantify the environmental benefits of practices they subsidize. To meet this objective, conservation planners need tools to accurately predict phosphorus (P) loss from agricultural lands. Existing P export coefficient based tools are easy to use, but do not adequately account for local conditions....

BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence that good district management practices can improve health system performance and conversely, that poor and inefficient management practices have detrimental effects. The aim of the present study was to identify factors contributing to inefficient management practices of district health managers and ways to improve their overall efficiency. METHODS Nine...

We have conducted the first large-scale survey on management practices in transition countries. We found that Central Asian transition countries, such as Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, have on average very poor management practices. Their average scores are below developing countries such as India. In contrast, the Central European transition countries such as Poland and Lithuania operate with mana...

Eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs is a major water quality problem that poses significant environmental, economic and social threats around the world. Monitoring and managing lakes and reservoirs to prevent or limit eutrophication, therefore, has significant value. The literature has been reviewed to study ecological engineering and management methods that have been and can be applied to i...