Energy efficient water desalination processes employing low-cost and earth-abundant materials is a critical step to sustainably manage future human needs for clean water resources. Here we demonstrate that porous silicon - a material harnessing earth abundance, cost, and environmental/biological compatibility is a candidate material for water desalination. With appropriate surface passivation o...

Calcium phosphate (Ca-P) cement is a well established material for bone repair. The bone biological properties of Ca-P cement can even be further improved by creating porosity in the material. The current study aimed on the evaluation of the osteoconductive behavior of porous Ca-P cement. Therefore, circular defects (6, 9, and 15 mm in diameter) were created in the cranium of 3 months old rabbi...

The NaNO2 nanocomposite ferroelectric material in porous glass was studied by neutron diffraction. For the first time, the details of the crystal structure including positions and anisotropic thermal parameters were determined for the solid material, embedded in a porous matrix, in ferro- and paraelectric phases. It is demonstrated that in the ferroelectric phase the structure is consistent wit...

Porous silicon nanowire is fabricated by a simple electrospinning process combined with a magnesium reduction; this material is investigated for use as an anode material for lithium rechargeable batteries. We find that the porous silicon nanowire electrode from the simple and scalable method can deliver a high reversible capacity with an excellent cycle stability. The enhanced performance in te...

Standards have limited the allowable noise levels in different situations, requiring the study of solutions at the source, in the path or the receiver. Muffler is the major factor influencing the noise of rotary compressor. Control and analyze the acoustic characteristics of muffler is essential. Porous materials have been studied and widely applied to reduce aircraft and vehicular noise or ind...

The modern engineering structures require the advanced engineering materials to resist the high temperatures and to provide high stiffness. In particular the functionally graded porous materials (FGPMs) introduced are expected to have these desired properties, consequently eliminating local stress concentration and de-lamination. In the present paper, a new shear strains shape function is chose...

In this study, we report a novel periodic material with negative Poisson's ratio (also called auxetic materials) fabricated by denting spherical dimples in an elastic flat sheet. While previously reported auxetic materials are either porous or comprise at least two phases, the material proposed here is non-porous and made of a homogeneous elastic sheet. Importantly, the auxetic behavior is indu...

To reduce the noise and vibration perturbations, it is beneficial to use the dissipative properties of poroelastic materials. These materials are generally not used alone, but rather inserted in composite mechanical assemblies made of elastic structures, poroelastic materials and air insertions. If these structures are assemblies of layers of materials, they are called multilayer complexes. If ...

Plastic flow localization in porous elastic-viscoplastic solids is analyzed with an emphasis on the effects of material rate sensitivity and plastic potential surface curvature. The effect of rate sensitivity is included in a material model that accounts for a change of yield surface curvature in a rate-insensitive porous ductile solid. Shear band formation under plane strain and axisymmetric t...

We have studied the characteristics of bone ingrowth of a new porous tantalum biomaterial in a simple transcortical canine model using cylindrical implants 5 x 10 mm in size. The material was 75% to 80% porous by volume and had a repeating arrangement of slender interconnecting struts which formed a regular array of dodecahedron-shaped pores. We performed histological studies on two types of ma...