The notion of extended filter of a filter associated to a subset of Rl-monoids is defined and related properties are investigated. Rachunek and Salounova proved that positive implicative filters and Boolean filters in Rl-monoids coincide with a condition in Rachunek and Salounova (Acta Univ Palacki Olomuc Fac rer nat Math 48(1):93–107, 2009). In this paper, we prove that positive implicative fi...

Consider the abelian category Ck of commutative group schemes of finite type over a field k. By results of Serre and Oort, Ck has homological dimension 1 (resp. 2) if k is algebraically closed of characteristic 0 (resp. positive). In this article, we explore the abelian category of commutative algebraic groups up to isogeny, defined as the quotient of Ck by the full subcategory Fk of finite k-g...

a heyting algebra is a distributive lattice with implication and a dual $bck$-algebra is an algebraic system having as models logical systems equipped with implication. the aim of this paper is to investigate the relation of heyting algebras between dual $bck$-algebras. we define notions of $i$-invariant and $m$-invariant on dual $bck$-semilattices and prove that a heyting semilattice is equiva...

Molodtsov [8] introduced the concept of soft set as a new mathematical tool for dealing with uncertainties that is free from the difficulties that have troubled the usual theoretical approaches. In this paper we apply the notion of soft sets by Molodtsov to the theory of BCK-algebras. The notions of positive implicative soft ideals and positive implicative idealistic soft BCK-algebras are intro...

<p style="text-align: justify;">Let <em>R</em> be a finite commutative ring with identity and <em>P</em> prime ideal of <em>R</em>. The vertex set is <em>R - </em>{0} two distinct vertices are adjacent if their product in <em>P</em>. This graph called the denoted by Γ<sub>P</sub>. relationship among ideal, zero-diviso...

Assume that n and k are positive integers with n ≥ 2k + 1. A non-hamiltonian graph G is hypo hamiltonian if G − v is hamiltonian for any v ∈ V (G). It is proved that the generalized Petersen graph P (n, k) is hypo hamiltonian if and only if k = 2 and n ≡ 5 (mod 6). Similarly, a hamiltonian graph G is hyper hamiltonian if G−v is hamiltonian for any v ∈ V (G). In this paper, we will give some nec...

In this paper we introduce the concepts of hyper P -semisimple Ialgebra and Abelian hyper I-algebra and we state and prove some related results. The hyper p-semi simple I-algebras is a generalization of p-semisimple BCI-algebras and a subclass of hyper I-algebras. Specially we show that every Abelian hyper I-algebra is a hyper psemisimple I-algebra and a commutative canonical hypergroup. In fol...

The study of semigroup algebras has a long tradition in commutative algebra. Presentation ideals of semigroup algebras are called toric ideals, in reference to their prominent role in geometry. In this paper we consider the more general class of lattice ideals. Fix a polynomial ring S = k[x1, . . . , xn] over a field k and identify monomials x in S with vectors a ∈ N. Let L be any sublattice of...