Abstract Aims Post-operative pain is a common yet challenging presentation. Although an expected part of the acute recovery phase, uncontrolled associated with poorer patient experience, delayed functional and increased morbidity. Up to 40% patients report severe that negatively impacts on their post-operative recovery. We aimed determine whether complications length hospital admission were cho...

Post-operative pain is caused by intra-operative damage to the tissue/organs; its intensity and range are usually proportional to the extent of surgery. Post-operative pain occurs when intra-operative analgesia stops acting. It is caused by damaged superficial tissues (skin, subcutaneous tissue, mucous membranes), as well as deeper structures (muscles, fascias, ligaments, periosteum). If an inj...