Recently produced information on post-translational modifications makes it possible to interpret their biological regulation with new insights. Various protein modifications finely tune the cellular functions of each protein. Understanding the relationship between post-translational modifications and functional changes ("post-translatomics") is another enormous project, not unlike the human gen...

The prediction of protein-protein interactions and kinase-specific phosphorylation sites on individual proteins is critical for correctly placing proteins within signaling pathways and networks. The importance of this type of annotation continues to increase with the continued explosion of genomic and proteomic data, particularly with emerging data categorizing posttranslational modifications o...

Histone proteins organize DNA into dynamic chromatin structures and regulate processes such as transcription, repair, and replication. Control of chromatin function and structure is mediated in part by reversible post-translational modifications (PTMs) on histones. The most N-terminal region of histone H3 contains a high density of modifiable residues. Here we focus on the dynamic interplay bet...

Posttranslational modifications of proteins drive a wide variety of cellular processes in eukaryotes, regulating cell growth and division as well as adaptive and developmental processes. With regard to the fungal kingdom, most information about posttranslational modifications has been generated through studies of the model yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, where, fo...

Characterization of the biosynthetic gene cluster of glycosylated antibiotic nocathiacin I (NOC-I) here adds new insights to thiopeptide biosynthesis, showing the NOC-specific tailoring and unusual sugar formation. NOC-I biosynthesis shares the paradigm for forming a common thiopeptide core and the generality for converting to an e series member, as that of the parent compound nosiheptide (NOS)...

Bacterial virulence often relies on secreted effectors that modulate eukaryotic signal transduction. Recent studies provide a collection of examples in which bacterial effectors carry out unprecedented posttranslational modifications of key signaling molecules or organize a new signaling network. OspF and YopJ families of effectors use novel modification activities to block kinase phosphoactiva...

Post-translational modification of proteins plays a central role in cellular regulation but its study has been hampered by the exponential increase in substrate modification forms ("modforms") with increasing numbers of sites. We consider here biochemical networks arising from post-translational modification under mass-action kinetics, allowing for multiple substrates, having different types of...

The sixth annual Origins of Cancer Symposium was held July 10, 2015, at the Van Andel Research Institute in Grand Rapids, MI. Its theme was Beyond the Genome, with talks focused on the various influences of posttranslational modifications in malignant transformation and the spread of cancer. This event was organized by senior Ph.D. students as part of their professional development training at ...