Background: Recently, we reported a new technique to augment motor evoked potentials (MEPs) under general anesthesia, called as post-tetanic MEP (p-MEP), in which tetanic stimulation of peripheral nerve prior to transcranial stimulation enlarged amplitudes of MEPs from the muscle innervated by the nerve subjected to tetanic stimulation. In the present study, we tested whether tetanic stimulatio...

BACKGROUND Knee dislocation may be associated with an injury to the common peroneal nerve with a subsequent foot drop. Previous studies have demonstrated good functional results after posterior tibial tendon transfer in patients with foot drop. No studies, to our knowledge, have focused exclusively on knee dislocation as the cause of common peroneal nerve injury leading to foot drop. QUESTION...

BACKGROUND A previous study using electrical stimulation of the common peroneal nerve (geko™) to activate the venous muscle pump measured blood flow in both the femoral and popliteal veins. Increased blood flow by as much as 60% was demonstrated in the femoral vein. Such an increase is assumed to be as a result of an increase in venous flow from the deep calf veins; however this has yet to be c...

The impact of traumatic spinal cord injury on structural integrity, cortical reorganization and ensuing disability is variable and may depend on a dynamic interaction between the severity of local damage and the capacity of the brain for plastic reorganization. We investigated trauma-induced anatomical changes in the spinal cord and brain, and explored their relationship to functional changes i...

Background: The purpose of this study was to introduce a technical tip for the preparation of tibial tunnel in a posteriorcruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction to reduce the chance of popliteal artery injury and duration of the surgery.Methods: This study included 18 patients who underwent PCL reconstructions at Imam Khomeini University Hospital,Tehran, Iran, between 2016 and...