BACKGROUND The Iranian health system, under the banner of family physician (FP) programme, has undergone substantial reforms to change utilization of health services, improve quality of care and enhance affordability. The national implementation of FP initiated in 2005 in parallel with rural health insurance (RHI) in rural areas and cities of <20 000 populations in Iran. The implementation of F...

this study compared the types of requesting strategies (rss) employed by thirty three persian native speakers (pnss) students at payame-noor university (pnu) in tehran, thirty seven persian lower-intermediate learners (plls) and thirty seven persian upper-intermediate learners (puls) students at persian center of imam khomeini international university (ikiu) in qazvin in order to study to what ...

Pragmatics deals with language use in the context that relates to speech acts' meaning. Politeness strategies and politeness principles, as manifestation of pragmatics, are two determining communication factors both speaker hearer. This qualitative study was intended analyze used by main character Mulan her family. The data were collected using observation checklist adapted from Brown Levinson ...

In treating Major Depressive Disorder with associated painful physical symptoms (PPS), the effect of duloxetine on PPS has been shown to decompose into a direct effect on PPS and an indirect effect on PPS via depressive symptoms (DS) improvement. To evaluate the changes in relative contributions of the direct and indirect effects over time, we analyzed pooled data from 3 randomized double-blind...

Pentosan polysulfate sodium (PPS) was compared with placebo for the symptomatic therapy of interstitial cystitis in a double-blind, multicenter study. A total of 110 patients were enrolled and treated for three months. In this study, overall improvement of greater than 25 percent was reported by 28 percent of the PPS-treated patients and by 13 percent of the placebo-treated patients (p = 0.03)....

Effective and efficient efferocytosis of dead cells associated cellular debris are critical to tissue homeostasis healing injured tissues. This important task was previously thought be restricted professional phagocytes (PPs). However, accumulating evidence has revealed another type phagocyte, the amateur phagocyte (AP), which can also participate in efferocytosis. APs non-myeloid progenitor/no...