INTRODUCTION Iron deficiency is a major public health concern. Globally, iron deficiency ranks number 9 and is responsible for about 60% of all anemia cases among preschool children. In Africa iron deficiency is 43-52% while in Kenya, children under 5 years constitute the largest burden with 69% of them being deficient. There is limited iron deficiency data in Kenya. This study determined haemo...

In a previous issue of the European Respiratory Journal STEVENS et al. [1] suggested that preschool children with wheeze account for a significant proportion of the UK healthcare budget. Most preschool wheezing is caused by viral infection and, therefore, we wondered how much preschool children with upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) without wheeze would cost the National Health Service? ...

aim and background: this study investigated the effectiveness of group play on social skills of female preschool children (6-7 years old).   methods and materials: in this semi-experimental study, 20 female 6-7 year-old children were randomly selected and assigned to intervention and control groups (n = 10 in each). the intervention group participated 12 sessions of group play. all children wer...

this study was conducted to evaluate the association between h. pylori infection and iron deficiency anemia (ida) among preschool children (age range: 40-75 months) at a tertiary referral hospital in tehran.in a case-control study, the prevalence of h. pylori seropositivity was compared between 64 children with ida diagnosis and 70 healthy non-anemic sex- and age-matched controls. totally, 52 (...

conclusions the findings of this study indicate that older children are more proficient in comprehension of color words compared to younger children, and girls are more proficient than boys. the two easiest and two most difficult color words for children to comprehend within the 3 age groups were “black” and “red” and “phosphoric-green” and “turquoise-blue,” respectively. there was a positive r...

The current study presents a method for assessing the relative effects of attention and escape on noncompliance in preschoolers. Attention and escape conditions were alternated in a multielement design, and a contingency reversal procedure, in which one test condition served as a control for the other, was used to demonstrate control. For all 3 participants, noncompliance was maintained, at lea...

The present study evaluated the effects of stimulus complexity and rule usage on a visual perspective-taking task. Preschoolers, first, third, and fifth graders, and adults were shown arrays of dolls and performed a series of perspective-taking tasks. Errors decreased with age, and more errors occurred with the more complex visual arrays. A significant number of errors were made in self-view tr...

This study investigated the relations among parenting, coparenting, and effortful control in preschoolers. The sample included 89 families with 2 parents and their firstborn 36-month-old children. Information was obtained by means of observation and parent-report questionnaires. In general, maternal parenting, paternal parenting, and coparenting were related to effortful control. Effortful cont...

In this study, we examined the influence of child gender and sociocultural (SCL) factors in language production. Subjects were French Parisian children in nine age groups (24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45 and 48 months). A total of 316 language samples were recorded during a 20-min standardized play session. Measures of grammatical and lexical development included Mean Length of Utterance (MLU) a...