Although factors influencing renin release have been studied extensively, one facet of renin release remains controversial, namely, neural regulation by arterial high-pressure receptors and cardiopulmonary low-pressure receptors. We therefore designed four studies to investigate systematically the separate and combined effects of unloading (decreased stretch) high- and low-pressure receptors on...

The effect of three endothelin (ET) agonists [ET-1, ET-3, and sarafotoxin (STX6C)] on the nerve stimulation-induced release of norepinephrine (NE) and neuropeptide Y-immunoreactive compounds (NPY-ir) from the perfused mesenteric arterial bed of the rat as well as the effect on perfusion pressure were examined. ET-1, ET-3, and STX6C all produced a significant, concentration-dependent decrease in...

The cyclic mechanical effect of airflow during breathing creates the optimal airway hydration state. MUC (mucin) 5AC is an important component of the airway mucus. The formation of MUC5AC is related to ATP and intracellular calcium in the epithelial cells. In this study, we evaluated the effect of ATP release from intracellular calcium in epithelial cells on cyclic pressure-induced mucus secret...

By measuring the absorbance change due to myoglobin oxygenation in hemoglobin-free isolated perfused rat hearts, we analyzed effects of perfusion pressure and heart rate upon the intracellular oxygen concentration. With Langendorff perfusion, the cardiac tissue was kept normoxic (above 50 microM O2) at aortic pressure above 50 cm H2O, but became hypoxic (8 microM O2) at 30 cm H2O. The increase ...

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) was released in vitro in a pulsatile pattern from the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system (HNS) and from the hypothalamus during continuous hyperosmotic stimuli with NaCl or fructose. No significant difference was found in the AVP pulse frequency between the two kinds of hyperosmotic agents. AVP was released from the HNS in a dose-related manner under NaCl stimulation...

It has long been known that increments in renal perfusion pressure can induce an elevation of urine sodium excretion without changing renal blood flow or glomerular filtration rate. The mechanism underlying this pressure-related natriuresis remains undefined, although the interest in its elucidation has been stimulated by the notion that it may constitute the central phenomenon through which th...

nowadays, environment-sensitive smart drug delivery systems have found diverse applications in pharmaceutical science and technology. these systems can respond to the environment stimuli such as temperature, pressure, ph, light, electrical and magnetical fields and etc. they can release the proper amount of drug in human body. among these systems, special attention and much research works have ...