The study of presuppositions lies on the border of semantics and pragmatics. It concerns information, assumed to be part of the discourse context by the speaker, as apparent in the syntactic form of the utterance. Missing presupposed information will normally be lled in by the hearer, provided it is compatible with the context. My thesis tries to characterise this process of presupposition acco...

Accounts of presupposition and presupposition projection almost invariably go back to Karttunen [4, 5] and Stalnaker [9, 10]. These authors proposed an explanation for the fact that the presupposition of a conjunction A ∧ B consists of the presupposition of A conjoined with the implication assA → presB. When a speaker utters this conjunction, she may take it for granted that A after she has utt...

This paper analyzes certain restrictions on polarity focus marking in clauses embedded under emotive factive predicates. It argues that these arise because this configuration leads to a systematic presupposition failure virtue of its value, which I call impossible presupposition. The main argument offered here supporting approach involves some novel asymmetries with predicate doubling construct...

Several theories of presupposition projection predict that some sentences which intuitively yield unconditional presuppositions should have weaker, conditional ones. For instance, If John is realistic, he knows that he is incompetent is predicted to have the presupposition that if John is realistic, he is incompetent, whereas one certainly infers that John is in fact incompetent. We summarize s...

The chief characteristic of presuppositions is that they tend to take wide scope, yet most theories of presupposition, the author's not excepted, fail to provide an explanation of this fact. Recently, however, it has been suggested that a principled explanation can be given in terms of informativeness: the idea is that presuppositions simply prefer stronger readings to weaker ones. This proposa...

In this paper I will give a modal two-dimensional analysis of presupposition and modal subordination. I will think of presupposition as a non-veridical propositional attitude. This allows me to evaluate what is presupposed and what is asserted at different dimensions without getting into the binding problem. What is presupposed will be represented by an accessibility relation between possible w...

Since van der Sandt and Geurts have put forward and extensively applied the notion of a fundamental identity of presupposition and anaphora, something like a universal consensus seems to have developed that this view is basically correct. Supposing that it is, and further supposing that it entails an empirical hypothesis, there are a number of facts that have so far remained unaccounted for. Th...

"Pragmatics is the study of meaning a speaker's utterance," according to Yule (1996:3).At same time it’s hearer, who deduces utterance from context what speaker wants convey. Speakers generally make indirect assumptions about true picture situation in everyday status quo, and or comprehension stated may be altered by preconceptions (Haji, Mohammed, 2019). On this note notion presupposition aris...

The verbal responses of 22 second graders, 24 fourth graders and 22 sixth graders to ambiguous and clear messages were recorded. Children's referential choices were analysed. After the ambiguous messages, children (from the age of seven years) chose preferentially a referent with only the feature described in the message rather than a referent with this feature plus another one. The results sup...