This paper examines the competitiveness of winner-take-all price competition in homogeneous product oligopoly environments where underlying buyer demands and/or firms’ costs need not be continuous. Our analysis is motivated by the observation that a variety of economic settings have these features. For example, in 1996 an Ivy League university solicited bids from several vendors for its initiat...

We propose a method to calculate field maps from the phase of each EPI in an fMRI time series. These field maps can be used to correct the corresponding magnitude images for distortion caused by inhomogeneity in the static magnetic field. In contrast to conventional static distortion correction, in which one 'snapshot' field map is applied to all subsequent fMRI time points, our method also cap...

A method has been developed that uses three input tones to measure both even and odd order intermodulation distortions (IMDs) inside the pass band of resonant devices. With this technique the surface current density of both the driving signal and the IMD tones can be quantified. Synchronous, or same frequency, measurement of both even and odd order distortions permits quantitative comparison of...

Distortions in private investment due to credit frictions, and in public investment due to corruption and bureaucratic inefficiencies, have both been suggested as important factors in accounting for the cross-country per capita income distribution. We introduce two modiÞcations to the standard one-sector neoclassical growth model to incorporate these distortions. The model is calibrated using d...

According to static models of industrial organization, a rise in competition decreases prices. In this paper, I test whether this conclusion can be reversed in the mobile telecommunications markets where dynamic e ciency e ects might be signi cant. The empirical test relies on the change in the intensity of competition introduced by the entry of the fourth mobile operator in France and the merg...

Risk exposures are defined to be the change in financial valuation induced by a movement an underlying factor. For derivative valuations, asset's price is primary determining When there no move factor also and therefore exposure functions zero at zero. With delta hedging may taken have derivatives As consequence first order of quadratic variation. These considerations lead us value units variat...

• Relative price trends over the product life require targeting a positive inflation rate The optimal for France, Germany and Italy ranges between 1.1%-1.7% Targeting instead zero of implies significant welfare costs Using micro data underlying consumer index, we estimate relative cycle in Italy. Minimizing consequences distortions presence these requires significantly rate: steady-state jointl...

A marketing system is efficient if it able to deliver production results consumers at the lowest possible cost and relatively even margins actors involved. But in reality, when surplus while demand not, causes market mechanism produce price distortions. This study aims analyze rice with an organizational approach (market trends, functions, elasticity). The data obtained from relevant authoritie...

A recent strategy carried out by the aircraft industry to reduce the total cost of the new generation fighters has consisted in the development of a single airframe with different technical and operational specifications. This strategy has been designed to reduce costs in the Research, Design and Development phase with the ultimate objective of reducing the final unit price per aircraft. This i...

In estimating the cost-effectiveness of diagnostic procedures, it is helpful to treat diagnostic information as a commodity with a unit price. The amount of useful information provided by a test result can be measured in binary units (bits), and the unit price of the information produced by the test result can be expressed in dollars per bit in much the same way that the price of gold is given ...