This essay disputes G. A. Cohen’s claim that John Rawls’s argument for the difference principle involves an argument from moral arbitrariness to equality and then an illicit move away from equality. Moreover, the claim that an argument from moral arbitrariness establishes equality as the essential distributive justice ideal is found wanting. Rescuing Justice and Equality is an original, subtle,...

Page Introduction ........................................................................................................................41 The capability approach: conceptual roots .........................................................................43 Commodities, functionings and capability..........................................................................43 Utilitarian calculus ...

Abstract Given the popularity of John Rawls’ theory justice as fairness an ethical framework in artificial intelligence (AI) field, this article examines how fits with three different conceptual applications AI technology. First, discusses a proposition by Ashrafian to let agent perform deliberation that produces Rawlsian social contract governing humans. The discussion demonstrates inviability...

Background and Purpose: In some patients, invasive radiology procedures by using anesthetics and contrast may lead to certain reaction. Therefore, consent must be obtained from patients. At the moment, some radiology centers obtain the consent from the patient in some of invasive radiology procedures in Iran. Due to the importance of consent and its position in patients' ethics, and because of ...