Phytogenic compounds with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, such as ginsenoside metabolite compound K (CK) or berberine (BBR), are currently discussed as promising complementary agents in the prevention and treatment of cancer and inflammation. The latest study showed that ginsenoside Rb1 and its metabolites could inhibit TNBS-induced colitis injury. However, the functional mechani...

OBJECTIVE To compare the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from obese but otherwise healthy individuals to that of normal-weight volunteers. METHODS 25 healthy normal-weight subjects and 41 obese individuals were enrolled. Weight and height were measured twice. PBMC were examined for their capacity to generate pro-inflammatory (TNF...

OBJECTIVE Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is an important contributor to the development of back pain, and a key factor relating pain and degeneration are the presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines and IVD motion. There is surprisingly limited understanding of how mechanics and inflammation interact in the IVD. This study investigated interactions between mechanical loading and pro-infla...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder of the brain, which is characterized by the formation of extracellular amyloid plaques (or senile plaques) and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. However, increasing evidences demonstrated that neuroinflammatory changes, including chronic microgliosis are key pathological components of AD. Microglia, the resident immune ce...

Postmenopausal osteoporosis is characterized by rapid bone loss occurring in the post-menopausal period. The bone loss predominantly involves the trabecular bone and is brought about by an imbalance between the bone remodeling process which can be influenced by factors that could cause or contribute to osteoporosis. Pro-inflammatory cytokines (Il-1β, Il-6, IL-8 and TNF-α) have been implicated i...

BACKGROUND Mucositis is a toxic side effect of anti-cancer treatments and is a major focus in cancer research. Pro-inflammatory cytokines have previously been implicated in the pathophysiology of chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal mucositis. However, whether they play a key role in the development of radiotherapy-induced gastrointestinal mucositis is still unknown. Therefore, the aim of the ...

One of the key factors in development psoriasis is inflammation. In people with psoriasis, immune system mistakenly attacks healthy skin cells, causing them to grow too quickly. This leads buildup dead cells on surface skin. Vitamin D can help reduce inflammation by suppressing production pro-inflammatory cytokines. study aimed conduct a systematic review explore potential vitamin supplementati...

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal motoneuron disease that is characterized by the degradation of neurons throughout the central nervous system. Inflammation have been cited a key contributor to ALS neurodegeneration, but the timeline of cytokine upregulation remains unresolved. The goal of this study was to temporally examine the correlation between the varying levels of pro-inflam...

Accelerated bone loss has been observed in patients with inflammatory disorders, exacerbated with Vitamin D deficiency, whilst the impact of cytokines in the etiology of osteoporosis is unclear. However, the elucidation of this potential relationship could provide new insights to identify patients at early risk of osteoporosis as well as support the use of cytokine-based antibody therapies as p...

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are well known due to their immunomodulatory effect, but the exact mechanisms have not been defined. Several studies demonstrated that the exerted immunoregulatory effect of these cells could be mediated by paracrine factors to illustrate, cytokines, chemokine, and among which, extracellular vesicles are one of them to play a crucial role. Moreover, it is assumed t...