INTRODUCTION Intakes of sodium, saturated fat, and trans fat remain high despite recommendations to limit these nutrients for cardiometabolic risk reduction. A major contributor to intake of these nutrients is foods prepared outside the home, particularly from fast-food restaurants. METHODS We analyzed the nutrient content of frequently ordered items from 3 US national fast-food chains: fried...

This study investigates how expert intermediaries interact with a corporate digital library when searching specialised topics. We identify query reformulation as being key to successful search and therefore present a more detailed account of this stage of an information seeking process. We propose that query reformulation forms a significant, distinct step from initial query formulation or subs...

Column generation has been intensively used in the last decades to compute good quality lower bounds for combinatorial problems reformulated through Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition. In this paper we propose a novel framework to cope with problems in which the structure of the original formulation, namely the presence of a combinatorial number of decision variables, does not allow for straightforwar...

BACKGROUND Countries across Europe have introduced a wide variety of policies to improve nutrition. However, the sheer diversity of interventions represents a potentially bewildering smorgasbord. We aimed to map existing public health nutrition policies, and examine their perceived effectiveness, in order to inform future evidence-based diet strategies. METHODS We created a public health nutr...

corrective feedback (cf) and its different types have long absorbed many scholars and practitioners. as ellis (2009) mentioned some experimental studies need to be carefully designed to discover the relative effectiveness of each of these cf techniques. the goal of this qualitative study was to discover whether the employment of different cf strategies could bring about an attitudinal shift. to...

The objectives of this paper are to give a brief overview of the code LogMIP and to report numerical experience on a set of test problems. LOGMIP is currently the only code for disjunctive programming, which has implemented the research work done on this area on the last decade. Major motivations in the development of LogMIP have been to facilitate problem formulation of discrete/continuous opt...

We formalise the problem of query reformulation over a description logic ontology and a DBox in a general framework. This framework supports deciding the existence of a safe-range first-order equivalent reformulation of a concept query in terms of the signature of a DBox. A constructive method to compute the reformulation is provided. We are particularly interested in safe-range reformulations ...

We consider the bilevel uncapacitated facility location problem with user preferences. It is known that this model may be reformulated as a one-level location problem with some additional constraints. In this paper we introduce a new reformulation and show that this reformulation dominates three previous ones from the point of view of their linear programming relaxations and may be worse than a...

Temporal Action Logics (TAL) is a class of temporal logics for reasoning about actions. We present a reformulation of TAL in Answer Set Programming (ASP), and discuss some synergies it brings. First, the reformulation provides a means to compute TAL using efficient answer set solvers. Second, TAL provides a structured high-level language for ASP (possibly with constraint solving). Third, the re...

Using a regularized Nikaido-Isoda function, we present a (nonsmooth) constrained optimization reformulation of a class of generalized Nash equilibrium problems (GNEPs). Further we give an unconstrained reformulation of a large subclass of all GNEPs which, in particular, includes the jointly convex GNEPs. Both approaches characterize all solutions of a GNEP as minima of optimization problems. Th...