This study reports the results from a 5 year simulation of forest thinning intended to reduce fire hazard on publicly managed lands in the western United States. A state simulation model of interrelated timber markets was used to evaluate the timber product outputs. Approximately 84 million acres (34 million hectares), or 66% of total timberland in the western United States, is publicly managed...

As the cost-driven public cloud services emerge, budget constraint is one of the primary design issues in large-scale scientific applications executed on heterogeneous cloud computing systems. Minimizing the schedule length while satisfying the budget constraint of an application is one of the most important quality of service requirements for cloud providers. A directed acyclic graph (DAG) can...

Budget impact analysis (BIA) provides operational financial forecasts to implement new technologies in healthcare systems. There were no previous specific recommendations to conduct such analyses in Brazil. This paper reviews BIA methods for health technologies and proposes BIA guidelines for the public and private Brazilian healthcare system. The following recommendations were made: adopt the ...

States include genetics services among their public health programs, but budget shortfalls raise the question, is genetics an essential part of public health? We used the Essential Services of Public Health consensus statement and data from state genetics plans to analyze states' public health genetics programs. Public health genetics programs fulfill public health obligations: birth defects su...

In this paper, a new model of phytoplankton growth in the chemostat is proposed. First, we give a description of the chemostat and we recall the main models: the simple Monod model, experimentally validated for bacteria growth and the Droop model, which is validated for phytoplankton growth and takes into account the possible nutrient storage. Though our model is quite similar to the Droop one,...

Budget forecasts are used by incumbent governments as a political tool to manage the elector particularly during an election cycle (Bruck and Stephan 2006). Incumbents apply budget forecasts strategically. They use short-term forecasts, which are more likely to be unbiased by political factors, annually. They rely on long-term forecasts, which are likely to be biased by political calculations, ...

Background: Value added tax as an indirect tax is one of the effective sources of government tax revenue and the study of its economic effects is the focus of many economic studies. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to investigate the effect of VAT on the stability of the public sector economy in Iran with the approach of promoting tax ethics and culture. Method: The present study was ...

We use a simple balanced budget contest to collect taxes on a private good in order to finance a pure public good. We show that—with an appropriately chosen structure of winning probabilities—this contest can provide the public good efficiently and without distorting private consumption. We provide extensions to multiple public goods and private taxation sources, asymmetric preferences, and sho...

Following a period of decline in influence, it appears that many legislatures are starting to reclaim a more active role in the budget process. Democratization and constitutional reform , in particular, provide opportunities for legislatures to redefine their contribution to public budgeting. Effective legislative participation provides essential checks and balances , enhances openness, facilit...