Qualitative and quantitative studies were performed on pulmonary blood vessels in lung tissue obtained by biopsy, pneumonectomy, or autopsy from 58 patients in the Registry of Primary Pulmonary Hypertension sponsored by the Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health. In 49 patients (84%), the hypertensive vascular disease involved predominantly or exclusively muscular...

Congenital vascular abnormality often presents with complicated anatomy and physiology that may result in very challenging anesthesia management, particularly for a small child.1,2 Understanding the uniqueness of is critical to optimize care patient unique abnormality.3 Panels A B show computed tomography three-dimensional reconstructed image pulmonary sequestration feeding vessels 1-yr-old boy...

Recent evidence suggests that asthma leads to inflammation and remodeling not only in the airways but also in pulmonary vessels and parenchyma. In addition, some studies demonstrated that aerobic training decreases chronic allergic inflammation in the airways; however, its effects on the pulmonary vessels and parenchyma have not been previously evaluated. Our objective was to test the hypothesi...

Qualitative and quantitative studies were performed on pulmonary blood vessels in lung tissue obtained by biopsy, pneumonectomy, or autopsy from 58 patients in the Registry of Primary Pulmonary Hypertension sponsored by the Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health. In 49 patients (84%), the hypertensive vascular disease involved predominantly or exclusively muscular...

Abnormal vascular connections between systemic arteries and the pulmonary vascular bed—systemic-to-pulmonary collateral (SPC) vessels—manifest in patients with a variety of congenital and acquired heart disease. These vessels, which originate from branches off the brachiocephalic arteries, chest wall arteries, and the descending aorta, vary markedly in size, number, course, and distribution. Al...

To the Editor: Hare et al concluded that inhaled nitric oxide (NO) caused selective pulmonary vasodilation in patients receiving left ventricular assist device support and that this accounted for the increase in mean left atrial pressure, which they considered a beneficial hemodynamic effect. The evidence for pulmonary vasodilation was that pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) decreased. However...

T HE INFLUENCE of the tone of peripheral blood vessels on pulmonary vascular hemodynamics has been shown to be considerable. That is, sympathetic impulses to the peripheral vascular bed are capable of causing a striking rise in pulmonary vascular pressures even in the absence of pulmonary innervation (1-3) and also of causing a grossly observable increase of pulmonary blood volume (4). Converse...

Human vascular malformations cause disease as a result of changes in blood flow and vascular hemodynamic forces. Although the genetic mutations that underlie the formation of many human vascular malformations are known, the extent to which abnormal blood flow can subsequently influence the vascular genetic program and natural history is not. Loss of the SH2 domain-containing leukocyte protein o...

Blood osmolality rises during general muscle exercise. The purpose of this work was to investigate the effect of similar slow, graded rises of blood osmolality on pulmonary vascular resistance. Hyperosmolar solutions of sodium chloride, mannitol, urea, glucose, thiourea and ethylene glycol were infused into the left lower lobe pulmonary arterial branch in the cat. Lobe blood flow, pulmonary art...