In addition to the electric field E(r), the associated magnetic field H(r) and current density J(r) characterize any electromagnetic device, providing insight into antenna coupling and mutual impedance. We demonstrate the optical analogue of the radio frequency vector network analyzer implemented in interferometric homodyne scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy for obtaining E(...

Abstract. The target of this paper is to present a new approach to the electromagnetic field based on the systematic use of the global (i.e. integral) quantities. The equations of electomagnetism are obtained in a finite form directly starting from experimental facts without passing throught the differential formulation. This finite formulation is the natural extension of the network theory to ...

The operation of six degree-of-freedom electromagnetic trackers is based on the spatial properties of the electromagnetic fields generated by three small coils. Anything in the environment that causes these fields to be distorted will result in measurement noise and/or errors. An experimental investigation was undertaken to measure the effect of external fields present in a typical working envi...

A significant progress has been achieved in the experimental side of the strangeness photoproduction. A wealth of new high-statistics data on elementary kaon photoproduction has recently become available in all three isospin channels. Along with some new advancements in the theoretical side this has made the field of kaon electromagnetic production to be of considerable interest. Nevertheless, ...

introduction: nitric oxide is an important endogenous compound that acts as bronchodilator in trachea. electromagnetic fields (emf) affect nitric oxide level in different tissues. the interaction of nitrergic and cholinergic systems in airways has been reported. therefore, the present study was performed to evaluate the interaction of cholinergic and nitrergic systems in the trachea of rats tha...

introduction: it has been reported that cardiovascular effects are among the possible health effects of being exposed to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (elf emss). material and methods: this study has been conducted to evaluate the long term effects of exposure to magnetic and electric fields on electrocardiogram signal changes. nine power transmission posts having different vol...