This paper examines educational outcomes of pupils selected to secondary school types by different tracking regimes in a German state: The traditional regime of streaming pupils after fourth grade of elementary school is compared to a regime in which pupils are selected into different secondary school tracks after sixth grade. Descriptive evidence demonstrates that the proportion of pupils reac...

Introduction. Taking psychoactive substances constitutes a significant problem for Public Health, particularly in preventing drug abuse and addiction. Objectives. To estimate the amount and incidence of drug consumption in middle and high school pupils, including the circumstances in which drug taking first started, and to determine pupils' knowledge about the consequences of taki...

During the last decade an increasing use of differentiated support measures for pupils with special educational needs, indicative of a discrepancy between educational policies and practices, has been witnessed in Sweden. Another trend has been the increased use of medical diagnoses in school. The aim of this study was to explore the main concern of support given to pupils with special education...

BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) promotes the surveillance of obesity prevalence through standardized and harmonized surveillance systems. However, variations in data collection between countries, or between coordinating regions in countries can affect outcome measures. METHODS Multilevel analysis of 2007/08 National Child Measurement Programme (NCMP) data estimating the relatio...

Early detection of a refractive error and its correction are extremely important for the prevention of amblyopia (poor vision). The golden standard in the detection of refractive errors is retinoscopy--a method where the pupils are dilated in order to exclude accomodation. This results in a more accurate measurement of a refractive error. Automatic computer refractometer is also in use. The stu...

OBJECTIVE To study whether service of a free school lunch has an impact on weight development and food intake among pupils at a lower secondary school, and to assess the association between self-perceived school behaviour and food intake. DESIGN A controlled intervention study involving service of a free healthy school lunch to 9th grade pupils took place over 4 months, from January to May 20...

Volume holograms (VHs) are good candidates for pupils of microscopic imaging systems thanks to their three–dimensional structure, providing additional design flexibility compared to conventional two–dimensional pupils [1]. Transformations of VH pupils promise richer opportunities to design more sophisticated point–spread–functions (PSFs). In addition, this allows for in vivo adjustment of a mic...

Bacteriuria in urinary tract infection is severe and associated with considerable morbidity if left untreated. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of bacteriuria among primary and secondary school pupils in Akure North Local Government Area. The study included subjects from the highly populated schools in this local government area. The samples analyzed were exclusive...

conclusions the overall infestation rate in the present study is probably one of the lowest infestation rates in iran and in the region. it appears necessary to examine pupils by trained persons for early detection of infestation. results according to the obtained results, pediculosis spp. prevalence was 2% among male and female students of khorramshahr primary schools; it was 2.6% in females a...

OBJECTIVE To report clinical findings suspicious of glaucoma among primary school children in Ilorin, Nigeria. METHODS A cross sectional survey of ocular health among 1,393 school children carried out between July 2005 and January 2006. Criteria for suspecting glaucoma included a cup disc ratio (CD) of > 0.5, a CD asymmetry between the fellow eyes of > 0.2, and/or intraocular pressure (IOP) >...