Whittaker (1960, 1972) first proposed the idea that species diversity has spatial components, with alpha diversity estimating diversity within individual stands (or communities) and beta diversity estimating the number of community types in an area (or in Whittaker’s terminology, ‘‘differentiation of communities along gradients’’). These two values combined make up gamma diversity. Beta diversi...

the relationship between topography, soil factors, and distribution of ecological vegetation groups in the nodoushan arid rangelands of yazd province (iran) was investigated. the present species were recorded in each vegetation group using a randomized-systematic sampling method. plant cover and density were estimated quantitatively using the transect and quadrate methods, and the two-way indic...

Lebanon lacks updated information related to the status of mammalian species, their richness and distribution. This study aimed at developing a rapid assessment methodology combining three non-invasive techniques based on the transect-quadrat survey scheme to measure mammalian richness at the Horsh Ehden Nature Reserve. The achieved results showed that the combination of the three techniques, d...

As a significant tool in ecological studies, the species accumulation curve or the collector's curve is the graph of the expected number of detected species as a function of sampling effort. The problem of estimating the species accumulation curve based on an empirical data set arising from quadrat sampling is studied in a nonparametric binomial mixture model. It will be shown that estimating t...

Corals transplanted to Sentosa, an island south of the main island of Singapore, from a reef due for reclamation, were monitored and assessed one year after completion of a massive two-year transplantation exercise. This transplantation exercise was conducted by the Marine Conservation Group of the Nature Society (Singapore). Assessment of the 3m x 3m permanent quadrat showed that 24.29% of tra...

Medicinal plants and knowledge of their use provide a vital combination to human and livestock health care throughout the world. The present study focused on investigating the structure of medicinal weeds in an anthropogenic peri-urban region and its relationship belowground (seed bank) and aboveground (standing vegetation). The phytosociological study of vegetation was carried out by quadrat m...