Eight quaternary ammonium compounds were tested for their ability to induce contact dermatitis in guinea pigs by using a modified Freund's complete adjuvant test together with the guinea pig maximization test. Only two quaternary ammonium salts of the eight tested could be designated as strong allergens. These two active substances were shown to be capable of stable association with membrane li...

MCCULLOCH, E. C. 1947 The real and apparent bactericidal efficiencies of quaternary ammonium compounds. J. Bacteriol., 53: 370. MCCULLOCH, E. C., HAUGE, S., AND MIGAKI, H. 1948 The role of disinfectants in veterinary medicine. II. A critical evaluation of the quaternary ammonium compounds. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 112: 283-290. STUART, L. S. 1947 N.A.I.D.M.-U.S.D.A. report on quaternary ammoniu...

Asymmetric preparation of all-carbon quaternary stereocenters is an important goal. Despite advances in formation of highly enantioenriched products with quaternary stereocenters proximal to a functional group, methods to install quaternary stereocenters isolated from functional groups are limited. Transition metal catalysis offers a potential solution, but prior cross couplings are limited to ...

Although infections with NonTuberculous Mycobacteria have become less common in AIDS patients, they are important opportunistic infections after surgical procedures, likely because they are ubiquitous and not efficiently killed by many commonly used disinfectants. In Venezuela there have recently been many non-tuberculous mycobacteria soft tissue infections after minor surgical procedures, some...

In information security, ignorance is not bliss. It is always stated that hiding the protocols (let the other be ignorant about it) does not increase the security of organizations. However, there are cases that ignorance creates protocols. In this paper, we propose distributed contingency logic, a proper extension of contingency (ignorance) logic. Intuitively, a formula is distributed contingen...