One of the most challenging issues in Random Early Detection (RED) algorithm is how to set its parameters to achieve high performance for the dynamic conditions of the network. While original RED uses fixed values for its parameters, this paper proposes a novel algorithm, in which particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique is used to dynamic tuning of RED’s parameters. For this purpose, we for...

Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN), when used with Random Early Detection (RED) gateways, reduces packet losses and delays of Transport Control Protocol (TCP) based applications. However, choosing the buffer size and optimum parameter values of RED buffers are still open research issues. In this paper, we first present a model to determine the optimal value of RED’s maximum threshold to ach...

In this paper we investigate the network performance of TCP hosts and gateways employing New Reno TCP using a parallel simulator. The gateway adopts the random early detection (RED) scheme and proactive congestion control mechanism to enforce fair sharing among competing TCP connections. The test network is modeled using PARSEC. The simulation reveals that the RED gateway drops only a small num...

The use of the Internet for time-sensitive services, such as voice and video applications, requires a predictable quality of service. The TCP/IP differentiated services (DiffServ) architecture was introduced to achieve such performance. Network congestion control, however, still remains a critical and high priority issue. A number of researchers are looking at alternative schemes such as random...

It has been observed that Internet gateways employing Transport Control Protocol (TCP) and the Random Early Detection (RED) control algorithm may exhibit instability and oscillatory behavior. Most control methods proposed in the past have been based on analytical models that rely on statistical measurements of network parameters. In this paper, we apply the detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) ...

Multimedia applications that transmit long continuous streams of data across the Internet will continue to stress networking technologies for the years to come. To help improve the performance of congestion avoidance protocols like TCP and to punish non-adaptive UDP-based applications, the IETF is considering the widespread deployment of Random Early Detection (RED) queue management. In this pa...

TCP Vegas version is expected to achieve higher throughput than TCP Tahoe and Reno versions, which are currently used in the Internet. However, we need to consider a migration path of TCP Vegas when it is deployed in the Internet. In this paper, we focus on the situation where multiple TCP Reno and Vegas connections coexist at the bottleneck router, by which the fairness property is investigate...

In this work, we investigate the congestion control problem for layered video multicast in IP networks of active queue management (AQM) using a simple random early detection (RED) queue model. AQM support from networks improves the visual quality of video streaming but makes network adaptation more difficult for existing layered video multicast proticols that use the event-driven timer-based ap...

Animal physiological and human psychophysical studies suggest that an early step in visual processing involves the detection and identification of features such as lines and edges, by neural mechanisms with even- and odd-symmetric receptive fields. Functional imaging studies also demonstrate mechanisms with even- and odd-receptive fields in early visual areas, in response to luminance-modulated...

how to cite this article: karimzadeh p, jafari n, ahmad abadi f, jabbehdari s, taghdiri mm, alaee mr, ghofrani m, tonekaboni sh, nejad biglari h. propionic acidemia: diagnosis and neuroimaging findings of this neurometabolic disorder. iran j child neurol. 2014 winter; 8(1):58-61.   objective propionic acidemia is one of the rare congenital neurometabolic disorders with autosomal recessive inher...