This memo describes several Rate Adaptive Shapers (RAS) that can be used in combination with the single rate Three Color Markers (srTCM) and the two rate Three Color Marker (trTCM) described in RFC2697 and RFC2698, respectively. These RAS improve the performance of TCP when a TCM is used at the ingress of a diffserv network by reducing the burstiness of the traffic. With TCP traffic, this reduc...

In a population of size N , adaptive evolution is 2N times faster under Mendelian inheritance than under the 19th-century theory of blending inheritance. Unfortunately we have no means of determining, according to the standard of years, how long a period it takes to modify a species. Charles Darwin [2, p. 270] In the latter half of the 19th century, evolutionary time seemed limited. Victorian s...

There are various techniques for adapting the transmission rate of an application while maintaining the perceived quality at the receiver at acceptable levels. Shared channel systems can use this rate adaptation capability to increase the number of concurrent applications in the system. This can be achieved by appropriately modifying the rate of the already running applications when a new conne...

Source coding with correlated decoder side information is considered. We impose the practical constraint that the encoder be unaware of even the statistical dependencies between source and side information. Two classes of rate-adaptive distributed source codes, both based on Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes, are developed and their design is studied. Specific realizations are shown to be b...

Today there are many services which provide information over the phone using a prerecorded or synthesized voice. These voices are invariant in speed. Humans giving information over the telephone, however, tend to adapt the speed of their presentation to suit the needs of the listener. This paper presents a preliminary model of this adaptation. In a corpus of simulated directory assistance dialo...

Chirp-rate, as a second derivative of signal phase, is an important feature of nonstationary signals in numerous applications such as radar, sonar, and communications. In this paper, an adaptive algorithm for the chirp-rate estimation is proposed. It is based on the confidence intervals rule and the cubic-phase function. The window width is adaptively selected to achieve good tradeoff between b...

Rate adaptive media streams bear similarities to both elastic (e.g., file transfer) and inelastic (e.g., voice) network traffic classes. As such a service model for streaming media should incorporate characteristics of both classes: guaranteed minimum rates (for minimally acceptable quality of service (QoS)) and an efficient mechanism for intelligently allocating excess capacity among the compe...

In this article, we propose a new frame rate up-conversion (FRU) method for temporal quality enhancement. The proposed FRU algorithm employs gradual and adaptive motion estimation based on confidence priority for selecting more accurate motion vectors (MVs). In order to estimate accurate MVs, we adaptively alternate a search range and the order of blocks to be searched depending on the confiden...

We present a novel per-dimension learning rate method for gradient descent called ADADELTA. The method dynamically adapts over time using only first order information and has minimal computational overhead beyond vanilla stochastic gradient descent. The method requires no manual tuning of a learning rate and appears robust to noisy gradient information, different model architecture choices, var...

A multiparty computation protocol is said to be adaptively secure if it retains its security in the presence of an adversary who can adaptively corrupt participants as the protocol proceeds. This is in contrast to a static corruption model where the adversary is forced to choose which participants to corrupt before the protocol begins. A central tool for constructing adaptively secure protocols...