Seed priming with vitamins is an efficient method for increasing seedlings growth and productivity under stressful conditions. This study aimed to investigate the priming of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) seeds using 100 mg L ascorbic acid and nicotinamide and to study their interactions on growth and some physiological parameters of plant under salt stress (150 mM NaCl) for 4 weeks. Salinity treat...

The relationship between the increase in noradrenaline (NA) turnover and endogenous opioid peptides in the hypothalamus under stressful situations was investigated in rats using a specific antagonist of opioids, naloxone. Male Wistar rats were injected subcutaneously with saline, naloxone at 1 mg/kg or 5 mg/kg 10 min before exposure to immobilization stress for 1 hour. Levels of NA and its majo...

The electrogenic Na-K pump coupling ratio in the large neurons of the lobster cardiac ganglion was determined by two different electrophysiological techniques. A graphical analysis plotting exp(EmF/RT) vs. [K]o after the pump was blocked by ouabain was used to determine values for [K]i, PNa/PK, and the pump coupling ratio. These measurements were made 4-8 h after the cells were penetrated with ...

Milk samples were taken from 10 plains viscacha between 9 and 64 days post partum. Mean concentrations (+/- s.e.) were 17 +/- 1.1 mM-Na; 32 +/- 1.6 mM-K; 35 +/- 2.2 mM-Cl; 116 +/- 3.3 mM-lactose (total reducing sugar) (all in 8 samples); less than 10-220 mg citrate/l (range of 4 samples); 15.7 +/- 0.64 g total nitrogen/l (3 samples). The Na:K ratio was 1:1.95 +/- 0.17. It was estimated that the...

1. Two processes of Ruthenium Red-insensitive Ca2+ efflux exist in liver and in heart mitochondria: one Na+-independent, and another Na+-dependent. The processes attain maximal rates of 1.4 and 3.0 nmol of Ca2+.min-1.mg-1 for the Na+-dependent and 1.2 and 2.0 nmol of Ca2+.min-1.mg-1 for the Na+-independent, in liver and heart mitochondria, respectively. 2. The Na+-dependent pathway is inhibited...

Prostasin is a serine peptidase hypothesized to regulate epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) activity in animals or on in vitro cultured cells. We investigated whether urinary prostasin may be a candidate marker of ENaC activation in humans. We studied 10 healthy volunteers and 8 hypertensive patients with raised aldosterone-to-renin ratio before and after spironolactone or saline/Florinef suppres...

In the whole brain of rats, apomorphine in doses of 5-10 mg/kg elevated noradrenaline (NA) level 10-20 min after s.c. injection , but reduced NA level 60-90 min after injection in doses of 2-10 mg/kg associated with increased level of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol sulfate (MHPGSO4). With 5 mg/kg of apomorphine, NA content in the pons+medulla oblongata and midbrain showed biphasic chan...

BACKGROUND Furosemide is a loop diuretic, which blocks the Na(+), K(+), 2Cl(-) cotransporter (NKCC2) in the thick ascending limb of Henle (TAL). By diminishing sodium (Na(+)) reabsorption, loop diuretics reduce the lumen-positive transepithelial voltage and consequently diminish paracellular transport of magnesium (Mg(2+)) and calcium (Ca(2+)) in TAL. Indeed, furosemide promotes urinary Mg(2+) ...