We compute rigorously the ground and equilibrium states for Kitaev's model in 2D, both the finite and infinite version, using an analogy with the 1D Ising ferromagnet. Next, we investigate the structure of the reduced dynamics in the presence of thermal baths in the Markovian regime. Special attention is paid to the dynamics of the topological freedoms which have been proposed for storing quant...

Creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2) activity can be measured fluorometrically by coupling the reaction product, creatine, to ninhydrin at alkaline pH. We have automated this procedure to develop an accurate and precise method, which requires 0.1 ml of sample and can be performed at 60 tests per hour. By using an abbreviated incubation time and a dia!yzer in the iiay, we have extended the analytical ra...

Adversary detection in MANETs is very useful for scores of applications such as military, satellite, interplanetary and disaster rescue. Selfish antonyms and malicious behaviors represent a serious threat against routing in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs). Due to the unique network characteristic, designing a misbehavior detection scheme in MANET is regarded as a great challenge. In this paper,...

Background Custom made foot orthoses remain the ‘gold standard’ because the orthotic geometry is tailored to each patient’s foot. However, due to their reduced cost, in some contexts there has been an increasing preference for prefabricated orthoses. Research has failed to identify major differences between the two types of orthosis [1-4]. This project aimed to design, develop and evaluate a ne...

Reverse osmosis (RO) is being increasingly utilized throughout the world for desalination due to the latest improvements in RO membrane performance and its reduced cost compared to thermal desalination. In this paper, Different media and chemicals have been used for Iron removal to prevent membrane fouling of groundwater reverse osmosis plant located in Shupramant-Giza. The objective is to pres...

With the roll-out of smart meters the importance of effective non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) techniques has risen rapidly. NILM estimates the power consumption of individual devices given their aggregate consumption. In this way, the combined consumption must only be monitored at a single, central point in the household, providing various advantages such as reduced cost for metering equip...

Wide Issue super scalar processors are very complex machines. Simplescalar toolset makes the job of selected parameter simulation for such processors a lot easier. The use of critical quantitative analysis based upon the SimpleScalar simulations augmented with a qualitative analysis for a rational cost/performance model is necessary to select optimal parameter values for the processor aimed at ...

Epileptic seizures are often characterized by profound alteration of consciousness (AOC). This is particularly frequent in temporal lobe seizures (TLS), a subgroup of seizures originating in the temporal (and usually mesial temporal) brain areas. The mechanisms of AOC in TLS have long been discussed and several theories have been proposed. Recent investigations have provided new hypotheses link...

It is important to determine the cardiac risk of a patient in advance to prevent premature death. This paper gives a brief of the methods used so far to determine the cardiac risk of a patient from a PPG signal. It also compares the effectiveness of each article in various criteria including cost and the paper also presents a novel technique to determine the cardiac risk of a patient at reduced...

Thorium-based fuels for nuclear reactors are being considered for use with current and future designs in both large and small-scale energy production. Thorium-232 is as abundant on Earth as lead, far more common than all isotopes of uranium, leading to its greatly reduced cost. Thorium itself offers a significantly greater neutron absorption cross-section than uranium at thermal energies, resul...