The conventional method towards deriving schedule for a fleet of ships to minimize cost alone has the short-coming of not addressing the problem of operation revenue losses associated with delays during maintenance at ships dockyards. In this paper, a preventive maintenance schedule for a fleet of ships that incorporates op-portunity cost is presented. The idea is to assign a penalty cost to al...

Many water management problems have arisen in past Asian irrigation projects. They have been characterized as a vicious cycle involving the lack of maintenance, poor irrigation service, low rates of fee collection, inadequate institutional arrangements, and lack of user participation. This article argues that we have generally agreed on a strategy to address these problems and asks whether or n...

irrigation management transfer to farmers is one of the important and necessary issues for irrigation planners globally. irrigation management transfer or participatory irrigation management by water users’ associations (wua) is a widespread strategy in the world and a good way to remove the country's irrigation and drainage systems problems. the main objective of this research was respons...

1. Importance of Agricultural Equipment Choice and Operation 2. Methods of Obtaining Access to Equipment 3. Equipment Costs 4. Equipment Selection 4.1 Individual Equipment Selection 4.2 Matching Equipment 5. Equipment Operation 5.1 Equipment Operation Co-ordination 5.2 Operation Productivity 5.3 Equipment Safety 5.4 Equipment Maintenance during Operation 6. Automation of Agricultural Equipment ...

ccess to an offshore wind turbine is greatly limited by the environment; consequently operation and maintenance (O&M) can become more sporadic and infrequent. This reduces the turbine availability, thus decreasing the generated output [1]. O&M is already a large part of the life costs of a turbine, but with offshore turbines, this will increase greatly with the inclusion of vessel hire costs [2...

because of a lack of means to match the traditional operating rules and regulations with time dependent variant of water needs in the present irrigation networks, a considerable portion of available water is wasted in these systems. this makes research on methods of operation and determination of types of controls as well as optimization approaches, attainable through using hydrodynamic models ...

The technical equipment developed and used in both installation and operation processes in refineries, oil and gas pipelines, and gas booster stations has always been expensive. Hence, managers at different organizational levels are keen to find methods to control and reduce these costs. Generally speaking, the operators in a gas booster station choose the operating devices without considering ...

A basic system dynamics model for collective irrigation management is proposed, which is aimed at improving the understanding of dynamic processes in collective irrigation systems. In particular, the problem of free-riding on water in irrigation systems is addressed. A feedback system is introduced, which builds on the concept of a critical mass and integrates a number of influence factors that...

A hybrid wind/ fuel cell generation system is designed to supply power demand. The aim of this design is to minimize the total cost of the hybrid system over an expected 20 years of operation. The optimization problem is solved aimed at providing a reliable supply for the consumer’s demand. The system consists of fuel cells, some wind units, some electrolyzers, a reformer, an anaerobic reactor ...