background: regulatory t cells have been suggested to have a protective role against acute rejection in allograft recipients. however, there is little information available about their contribution to chronic rejection process. the role of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (tgf- β1) as a profibrogenic and/or immunoregulatory cytokine in renal allografts is also controversial. objectives: to eva...

The relationship between vesicoureteral reflux and bladder dysfunction is inseparable and has long been emphasized. However, the primary concern of all physicians treating patients with vesicoureteral reflux is the prevention of renal scarring and eventual deterioration of renal function. Bladder dysfunction, urinary tract infection and vesicoureteral reflux are the three important factors whic...

BACKGROUND Since 2004, Médecins Sans Frontières-Switzerland has provided treatment and care for people living with HIV in Dawei, Myanmar. Renal function is routinely monitored in patients on tenofovir (TDF)-based antiretroviral treatment (ART), and this provides an opportunity to measure incidence and risk factors for renal dysfunction. METHODS We used routinely collected program data on all ...

background and aims: methotrexate (mtx), a folic acid antagonist, is widely used as a treatment for malignancies as well as in the treatment of various inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. nephrotoxicity is an important side-effect of this drug. prevention and treatment of mtx-induced renal dysfunction are essential to prevent potentially life-threatening mtx-associated toxicities, present st...

Renal dysfunction is an increasingly recognized non-AIDS-defining comorbidity among HIV-infected persons. The role of HIV-related factors in renal dysfunction remains unclear. We performed a cross-sectional study at two military clinics with open access to care to determine the impact of HIV factors, including antiretroviral therapy, on renal function. Renal dysfunction was defined as a glomeru...

BACKGROUND Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are important causes of hospital admissions and inpatient complications. Renal dysfunction has a role in occurrence of ADRs. AIMS (1) To study the characteristics of ADRs among inpatients in Nephrology ward of a tertiary care hospital and (2) to compare these characteristics between patients with renal dysfunction and patients with normal renal functio...

Angiotensin II (AngII) causes hypertension (HTN) and promotes renal injury while simultaneously inducing reno-protective enzymes like heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). We examined the modulatory role of HO on sub-pressor angiotensin II (SP-AngII) induced renal inflammation and injury. We first tested whether the SP-AngII-induced renal dysfunction, inflammation and injury are exacerbated by either preven...

Early detection of renal dysfunction can help clinicians plan optimal treatment strategies to manage the underlying cause, such as a paraneoplastic syndrome or tumor lysis syndrome. Effective management improve overall clinical outcomes lung cancer patient.

Renal failure is frequently considered an ominous development after injury, but its impact on outcome is poorly understood. Renal dysfunction or failure can be defined in many ways, such as elevated serum creatinine or the need for dialysis. The best method to characterize renal dysfunction however, is not known. To determine which definition of renal dysfunction correlates best with outcome, w...