The physiological processes that maintain body homeostasis oscillate during the day. Diurnal changes characterize kidney functions, comprising regulation of hydro-electrolytic and acid-base balance, reabsorption of small solutes and hormone production. Renal physiology is characterized by 24-h periodicity and contributes to circadian variability of blood pressure levels, related as well to nych...

This article summarizes the comments made in the introductory session of the Medical Physiology course taught at the University of Alabama School of Medicine. The main thesis is that learning physiology is easier when fundamental principles are first delineated. Four general principles of physiology (mass balance, force-flow, capacitance, and equilibrium) are discussed. Clinical medicine become...

certain benefits are clearly associated with the use of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (cabg) as compared with the on-pump cabg. the superiority is more evident in patients with multiple co morbidities including renal failure.we reviewed the medical records of a 67-year-old male with a past medical history that was significant for multiple cardiovascular diseases and new-onset end-sta...