network sensors consist of sensor nodes in which every node covers a limited area. the most common use ofthese networks is in unreachable fields.sink is a node that collects data from other nodes.one of the main challenges in these networks is the limitation of nodes battery (power supply). therefore, the use oftopology control is required to decrease power consumption and increase network acce...

In this paper, a Location Aided Energy Efficient Routing (LAEER) protocol is proposed. The proposed on-demand routing protocol consider location and residual energy of the nodes as the routing metric. Only the forwarding neighboring nodes are involved in routing while the non-forwarding nodes are switched to idle state. This ensures reduction in energy consumption in the network. The novelty of...

Sensor nodes usually propagate data packets in a multihop fashion. However, in the most of routing protocols, the optimal routes are likely to be used for the following transmissions. As a result, the optimal routes tend to accelerate the energy depletion of nodes, especially in low-power networks, which are noisy and error-prone. ADHOP is a low overhead routing algorithm which can adapt to dyn...

Energy efficiency is a major design requirement of the sensor network system because current sensor nodes have only finite energy reserves from a battery. Unattended and adhoc nature also makes sensor network systems more energy consumming. In order to prevent sensor networks from hazardous conditions due to power depletion, detecting a node death or abnormal working nodes is very important. Re...

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a continuously self-configuring, infrastructure-less network of mobile devices connected without wires. MANET is a combination of mobile nodes communicating and transferring data with each other to route a packet from source to their destinations. MANET is used to support dynamic routing techniques in absence of fixed wired infrastructure and centralized contr...