UNLABELLED The conserved isoleucine-phenylalanine-methionine (IFM) hydrophobic cluster located in the III-IV linker of voltage-gated sodium channels has been identified as a major component of the fast inactivation gate in these channels. OBJECTIVES The aim of our study was to probe the contribution of each amino acids of the IFM cluster to the inactivation. METHODS A combination of site-di...

Energy efficiency is a major design requirement of the sensor network system because current sensor nodes have only finite energy reserves from a battery. Unattended and adhoc nature also makes sensor network systems more energy consumming. In order to prevent sensor networks from hazardous conditions due to power depletion, detecting a node death or abnormal working nodes is very important. Re...

With getting older in the whole population, the prevalence of stroke and its residual disability is getting higher and higher recently in Taiwan. The functional electrical stimulation cycling system (FESCS) is useful for hemiplegic patients. Because that the muscle of stroke patients is under hybrid activation. The raw electromyography (EMG) represents the residual muscle force of stroke subjec...

The ultra-high precision g-2 experiment requires a fast kicker to deflect incoming muon beam with a momentum of 3.094 Gev/c. A magnetic kicker was selected since this approach requires the lowest excitation voltage of all designs considered. However, a higher driving current (>6000A) is required which leads to more residual eddy current field to influence the main dipole magnetic field. Several...

Residual stress states in engineering structures are determined usually by measuring components of stress tensors with depth below the material surface. There are destructive and non-destructive methods to measure strain tensor components and convert them into stress tensor components by a variety of techniques derived from constitutive (material) equations. In this study, four methods for dete...

The IRK1 channel is inhibited by intracellular cations such as Mg(2+) and polyamines in a voltage-dependent manner, which renders its I-V curve strongly inwardly rectifying. However, even in excised patches exhaustively perfused with a commonly used artificial intracellular solution nominally free of Mg(2+) and polyamines, the macroscopic I-V curve of the channels displays modest rectification....

Data on characteristics of metal-oxide surge arresters indicates that for fast front surges, those with rise times less than 8μs, the peak of the voltage wave occurs before the peak of the current wave and the residual voltage across the arrester increases as the time to crest of the arrester discharge current decreases. Several models have been proposed to simulate this frequency-dependent cha...

This paper deals with the realization of the four-pair terminal definition of impedance standards. A simple, though reliable, system is described that allows an automatic compensation of the voltage at the low potential port of impedance standards to be obtained. Such a system employs a commercial data acquisition board and a signal generator with adjustable-phase capability, which acts as the ...