over centuries, the labour move­ ment fought to establish basic rights for workers, combatting the vested interests of avaricious capital­ ists and the cynicism of the state, which consigned to the workhouse those unable to find employment in the mines and fac­ tories. through collective action in the form of trades unions, then later through the political parties that were established in their...

up to now, interactions between method and amount of nitrogen fertilizers application on plant density and variety of wheat under sprinkler irrigation systems have not been studied. thus, this research was conducted during two years in esfehan region with split factorial design. the treatments of this experiment were: three fertilizers application methods (conventional manual application at the...

chemical pollutants presence in water may induce severe ecological consequences and consequently affecting aquatic ecosystems integrity. heavy metals are dangerous pollutants for aquatic inhabitants that have a great stability. heavy metals contamination (pollution) of the surface waters happens widely by discharge of mill effluents. the objective of the present study was to determine the 50% l...

charcoal rot, caused by macrophomina phaseolina, is one of the most important diseases of sunflower in golestan province. host resistance may be the only feasible method to manage this disease. accordingly, the resistance of 18 varieties of common recommendations for the region in the form of a randomized complete block design (rcbd) against isolates of m. phaseolina was assessed. statistical a...