BACKGROUND Various factors affect gastric wound healing. The influence of physical stimulation on gastric mucosal cells during the process of gastric wound healing is not completely understood. AIMS To assess the role of a physical stimulant, in this case mechanical strain, on gastric mucosal restoration. METHODS Mechanical strain was applied to adherent rat gastric mucosal cells (RGM1) cul...

This book consists of 14 chapters covering important aspects in regards to various terrestrial ecosystems, wetlands, river systems, mine site rehabilitation, marsh ecology and heavy metals pollution. Also aims to fill some of the information gaps in ecological restoration, particularly in under-researched ecosystems around the world. Restoration ecology emerged as a separate field in ecology in...

Plate reconstructions of the New Zealand region indicate substantial Cenozoic tectonic rotation of the Hikurangi margin. This study was undertaken to determine the rotational history of the northern Marlborough paleomagnetic domain in the southern part of the Hikurangi margin. Most Cenozoic rocks in the Marlborough region are unstably magnetised, and useful results were obtained only from late ...

controversy exists regarding cavity preparation for restoration of interproximal caries in posterior teeth in terms of preserving the tooth structure and suitable stress distribution. this study aimed to assess the effect of extension and type of class ii cavities and the remaining tooth structure in maxillary premolars restored with composite resin on the biomechanical properties of teeth usin...

In this controlled prospective clinical study the highly viscous glass ionomer cement Ketac Molar was clinically assessed in Class I and Class II cavities. Forty-nine subjects (mean age 32.3 years) received 108 restorations placed by six operators in conventional Black I and II type cavities with undercuts after excavating primary lesions or after removing insufficient restorations. At baseline...

Maize (Zea mays) leaves develop basipetally (tip to base); the upper blade emerges from the shoot apical meristem (SAM) before the expansion of the lower sheath. Founder cells, leaf initials located in the periphery of the SAM, are distinguished from the SAM proper by the differential accumulation of KNOX proteins. KNOX proteins accumulate in the SAM, but are excluded from maize leaf primordia ...

Gingival retraction or dilation is an important procedure in the fabrication of fixed prostheses. Quite often, the margins of these restorations are placed very close to the gingival margin, or even subgingivally, for aesthetic and functional reasons. Therefore, the operating surgeon must correctly record the prepared cervical finish line to enable adequate marginal integrity for the restoratio...

Background and Aim: Microleakage is a drawback of composite restorations and it is more noticeable in dentinal walls. Despite advances in dentin bonding agents, no adhesive can completely eliminate microleakage and provide a hermetic seal. This study aimed to compare microleakage of three resin bonding agents namely a universal adhesive, two-step self-etch system and two-step total-etch system....

Metal free ceramic restorations have increased in demand due to their superior esthetics and more resemblance to the natural teeth, more so now that metal-free biocompatible options are preferred. Although porcelain fused to metal crowns are also used owing to less tooth structure loss in their preparation, the metal portion shows through the marginal area giving a blue-gray, cyanotic appearanc...

PURPOSE To report the short-term clinical outcome of a new minimally invasive prosthetic approach utilizing monolithic lithium-disilicate full crowns bonded to feather-edge tooth preparations. MATERIALS AND METHODS 235 teeth, 136 anterior and 99 posterior, requiring a full crown were prepared with a feather-edge finish line providing a minimum space on the vertical walls of 0.3 mm at the marg...