The present paper will investigate the specific elements of architectural design based on Islamic beliefs, by taking Iranian Architectural values and vernacular climate design methods into consideration. This research will assess the spirit of experimental elements, created by the inhabitants, according to recent scientific findings. The main concentration will be on the physical design of rura...

From the beginning of creation, human being was surrounded by nature. Everything in nature is well organized and in harmony with the other parts of it. Through the history, nature has been always a source of inspiration for the human begin in different aspects of their life. Architecture as one of the remarkable features in every society cannot be separated from nature. In architecture design...

The paper will summarize the results of an extensive research on sustainable architectural strategies used throughout the history in all climates, but here the results of the temperate climate will be presented. The selected case studies were investigated, regardless of their cultural diversity, ranging from prehistoric to the current settlements, and they were cross-referenced and compared to ...

We provide techniques to help vendors, independent testing agencies, and others verify critical security properties in direct recording electronic (DRE) voting machines. We rely on specific hardware functionality, isolation, and architectural decision to allow one to easily verify these critical security properties; we believe our techniques will help us verify other properties as well. Verific...