OBJECTIVE To compare the effect of sub-Tenon's lidocaine injections (ST) on akinesia and mydriasis to those of systemic atracurium (AT) and retrobulbar lidocaine injections in dogs. ANIMAL STUDIED Ten healthy beagle dogs without apparent ocular disease. PROCEDURES Three treatments were performed on 10 beagle dogs with a minimum 7-day washout period: intravenous injection of AT (0.2 mg/kg, A...

Background. Spontaneous orbital haemorrhage is a very rare condition and vision-threatening event. It may occur due to trauma, orbital surgery/injections, orbital vascular anomalies, and a variety of systemic predisposing factors. Signs of retrobulbar hemorrhage include proptosis, ophthalmoplegia, increased intraocular pressure, loss of pupillary reflexes, and optic disc or retinal pallor. Both...

This paper is concerned with a study of thresholds of critical flicker fusion frequency (C.F.F.) of a light stimulus in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis. The capacity of normal human vision to appreciate the intermittency of rapidly repeated light stimuli is a function of great physiological interest, and it may be impaired by disease at many sites in the visual pathway. Thus Parsons ...

OBJECTIVE To examine the anatomic distribution of gadolinium contrast medium by high-resolution surface-coil magnetic resonance imaging after peribulbar and retrobulbar injection. METHODS Comparative case series in which 4 healthy volunteers were randomized to peribulbar (n = 2) or retrobulbar (n = 2) injection of gadolinium and lidocaine hydrochloride, 2%, without epinephrine. Magnetic reson...

BACKGROUND The standard of care for penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) is either retrobulbar or peribulbar anesthesia combined with seventh cranial nerve akinesia or general anesthesia. These methods are known to be associated with rare but potentially serious adverse ocular and systemic events. PURPOSE To determine the safety and efficacy of combined topical and intracameral anesthesia in additi...