Congenital aortic valve atresia is usually part of a developmental anomaly usually called 'hypoplastic left-heart syndrome'. To the best of our knowledge, most reported cases of aortic atresia have been associated with hypoplasia of the ascending aorta, of the left ventricle, and of the mitral valve. We report a patient presenting with aortic atresia with a ventricular septal defect and a norma...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Because of improved visualization of posterior fossa structures with MR imaging, cerebellar malformations are recognized with increasing frequency. Herein we attempt to describe and propose a rational classification of cerebellar malformations. METHODS MR images obtained in 70 patients with cerebellar malformations were retrospectively reviewed. The cerebellar malformat...

cryoablation to treat atrial fibrillation. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2004; 11:117–126. 32. Scholten MF, Kimman GJ, Janse PA, Thornton AS, Theuns DAMJ, Jordaens LJ. Electrical Isolation of pulmonary veins using cryothermal energy: study design and initial results.NethHeart J 2003;453–458. 33. Natale A, Pisano E, Shewchik J, Bash D, Fanelli R, Potenza D, Santarelli P, Schweikert R, White R, Sa...

UNLABELLED Between May 1974 and December 1993, 37 patients (0.75%) with a double-chambered right ventricle underwent surgical repair. The patients ranged in age from 11 months to 12 years (mean 4 +/- 1.1 years). Cardiac catheterization was performed in 36 patients. The proximal right chamber pressure was 118 +/- 10 mmHg and the mean ventricular gradient pressure was 75 +/- 10 mmHg. A ventricula...

Abnormal development of the arterial pole of the heart underlies a significant fraction of congenital heart defects. Critical steps in arterial pole development are formation of the myocardial outflow tract (or conotruncal region) and its subsequent division into separate left and right ventricular outlets. Division of the cylindrical outflow tract is a complex morphogenetic process driven by c...

In a previous study the possibility that tetralogy of Fallot and transposition of the great arteries may arise as a result of embryonic arrests in the normal rotation of the junction of the outflow tract and the great arteries was investigated. The results suggested that the development of other transposition complexes such as double-outlet right ventricle might also be related to arrests in th...

BACKGROUND Fetal cardiac intervention represents a potential advance in the treatment of congenital cardiac lesions that increase in complexity during development. Prenatal repair of a primary defect might prevent pathologic blood-flow patterns that can result in hypoplasia of a cardiac chamber or great vessel. However, strategies to optimize fetal myocardial protection have not been studied. A...

OBJECTIVES To determine the effect and safeness of the right ventricle to pulmonary artery connection with occlusion of major aortopulmonary collaterals and pulmonary artery angioplasty to rehabilitate the hypoplastic pulmonary arteries in patients with pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect beyond the infant period. METHODS From December 2009 to August 2012, 37 consecutive patients ...

1 of 2 DESCRIPTION A murmur was noted in a 2-year-old patient who was otherwise asymptomatic. The patient was born by caesarean section at 37 weeks gestation. No signifi cant family history was present. Clinical examination revealed a continuous murmur at the sternal edge. Echocardiography did not reveal any abnormality. Cardiac catheterisation revealed a communication between the right coronar...

A rare case of neonatal Ebstein's anomaly with circular shunting was reported. A two-stage surgical procedure was performed, and the outcome was good. Razook JD. Repair of Ebstein's anomaly in the symptomatic neonate: an evolution of technique with 7-year follow-up. Rapid two-stage Starnes procedure for a symptomatic neonate with Ebstein anomaly. Ebstein's anomaly appearing in the neonate. A ne...