Abstract The Flims rock avalanche has a gliding surface that cuts down section in limestone sequence and does not follow weak horizon. is parallel to bedding and/or the penetrative Alpine foliation characterized by shape-preferred orientation of calcite grains. Predisposition was governed structural weaknesses form sub-vertical fault zones within solid limestone. Faults controlled lateral scarp...

Melanised fungi were isolated from rock surfaces in the Central Mountain System of Spain. Two hundred sixty six isolates were recovered from four geologically and topographically distinct sites. Microsatellite-primed PCR techniques were used to group isolates into genotypes assumed to represent species. One hundred and sixty three genotypes were characterised from the four sites. Only five geno...

In recent decades, raptors have become gradually more protected in almost all European countries, but their decline often persists, due to pollution, habitat alteration and fragmentation, or to human direct/indirect disturbance (Tucker & Heath, 1994). Peregrine Falco peregrinus populations suffered a dramatic decline during the 1950s and 1960s in the boreal hemisphere, following the adoption of...

With changes in mining depth, the dynamic mechanical characteristics of same type rock also change, so that blasting excavation process must be constantly adjusted and optimized to meet requirements safe efficient mining. To study energy evolution law fractal deep marble during destruction process, impact tests under different strain rates were carried out on a sample using three-axis combinati...

A combined finite-discrete element method (FDEM) is proposed to model the dynamic fracture, fragmentation, and resultant muck-piling process during mining production by blast in underground mine. The key component of method, that is, transition from continuum discontinuum through fracture introduced detail, which makes superior continuum-based finite discontinuum-based discrete method. FDEM cal...

The molecular-mass distribution of the asphaltene fraction of petroleum is rapidly becoming more constrained, but themolecular architecture remains poorly understood. Two types of molecular structures have been proposed to be representative of asphaltenes: the “island” model and the “archipelago” model. Here, nine compounds were synthesized on the basis of pyrene, representing both types of mod...

Stemming length and stemming materials are crucial factors in blasting design, which affect the sustainability of mining. This study investigates influence material on rock fragmentation, recoil, surface strain response through 15 small-scale model tests. The results indicate that when using clay as a material, increasing facilitates fragmentation reduces recoil area. measurements show both ten...

in this research, first of all, the existing problems in fragmentation measurement are reviewed for the sake of its fast and reliable evaluation. then, the available methods used for evaluation of blast results are mentioned. the produced errors especially in recognizing the rock fragments in computer-aided methods, and also, the importance of determination of their sizes in the image analysis ...

When photographing or video taping rock fragmentation, sampling strategies have to be carefully considered, in order to produce an image that is both capable of being analyzed, and representative of the entire rock assemblage. A consideration is where the image is to be taken. It could be the top of a muckpile, the front edge or a cross section of the muck pile as it is being mucked. It could b...