UNLABELLED The Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) approach was suggested to be a suitable method to treat enamel and dentine carious lesions in patients with disabilities. The use of a restorative glass-ionomer with optimal mechanical properties is, therefore, very important. OBJECTIVE To test the null-hypotheses that no difference in diametral tensile, compressive and flexural strengths ...

The Mars Science Laboratory rover Curiosity found host rocks of basaltic composition and alteration assemblages containing clay minerals at Yellowknife Bay, Gale Crater. On the basis of the observed host rock and alteration minerals, we present results of equilibrium thermochemical modeling of the Sheepbed mudstones of Yellowknife Bay in order to constrain the formation conditions of its second...

Topographical material surface features are sensed by cells and provoke a large range of cellular responses. We recognized earlier, that at micropillar topographies in the range of 5 µm, the osteoblasts attempt to phagocytize the pillars resulted in increased energy requirements and reduced osteoblast marker expression, e.g., collagen type I and osteocalcin. However, the precise cellular signal...

The purpose of this study is developing of a model for estimation of elastic modulus of intact rocks. Mechanical rock excavation projects require static modulus of elasticity (E) of the intact rock material. High-quality core specimens of proper geometry are nedded for the direct determination of this parameter. However, it is not always possible to obtain suitable specimens from highly fractur...

With the rapid development of national economic construction, traffic network is extending continuously, and the scope of the highway construction is gradually shifting from plain to the mountains. However, weathered rock occupies heavily along highway in mountainous area, and high quality subgrade filling is extremely short, thus a large amount of subgrade filling needed for subgrade high-fill...

In the last decades considerable attention has been given to naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM). Within this frame, of particular concern is the phosphate fertilizer industry. In Brazil, four main industries (Ultrafertil, Copebrás, Fosfertil and Bunge Fertilizantes) are responsible for the production of 1.2x10 6 tons per year of P2O5. Phosphogypsum is the by-product of the phosphor...

The Chicxulub impact event led to a worldwide deposition of impact materials originated from target rocks and the vaporized bolide. Relative contributions of both types of material to the K/T ejecta deposits vary with distance to the crater site. At distal sites (e.g., Agost and Caravaca in the SE of Spain) a major contribution of extraterrestrial material is indicated by different impact signa...

geometrical profile (roughness) of joint surfaces influences the behaviour of rock joints under shear loading. with regard to the dilation, there are two models of direct shear test that may simulate the original loading condition existing in the location from where the specimens have been sampled. the first model in which the normal load is constant (cnl) and the discontinuity is free to dilat...

We describe a solid-state material formed from binary assembly of atomically precise molecular clusters. [Co6Se8(PEt3)6][C60]2 and [Cr6Te8(PEt3)6][C60]2 assembled into a superatomic relative of the cadmium iodide (CdI2) structure type. These solid-state materials showed activated electronic transport with activation energies of 100 to 150 millielectron volts. The more reducing cluster Ni9Te6(PE...

Introduction: One of several models that has been proposed to explain the present chemical and minera-logical nature of the Martian surface is referred to as the " acid-fog " model. This model involves the recent (up to 1Ga), slow and continuous interaction of acidic volatiles, presumably of volcanic origin, with the exposed Martian basaltic crust [1, 2]. As a result of this interaction, minera...