this study was conducted in split plot design based on a randomized complete block design in naghadeh region, urmia, iran in 2009-10. two sowing patterns including a1) single row planting with 50 cm between-row spacing, and a2) two rows planting on the hill with 40 cm distance and 50 cm between-row spacing (40×50) were allocated to main plots and four furrow compactions including b1) control, b...

There is a complicated relation between cold flat rolling parameters such as effective input parameters of cold rolling, output cold rolling force and exit thickness of strips. In many mathematical models, the effect of some cold rolling parameters has been ignored and the outputs have not a desirable accuracy. In the other hand, there is a special relation among input thickness of strips, the ...

Temper rolling or skin pass rolling is one of cold rolling processes composed of a horizontal pass cold rolling mill stand. In this process, the thick strip is subjected to very light reduction (0.5–4%) in thickness in the presence of high friction amplitudes. One of the basic parameters of strip rolling processes is temper rolling force. A new rolling force model has been proposed for temper r...

Coating is one of the innovative approaches used to improve the wear resistance and load-carrying capacity of surfaces in rolling-sliding contact, such as gears and rolling element bearings. In this study, the tribological performance of standard gear material (EN 16MnCr5) and two kinds of powder metallurgy (PM) gear material (Distaloy AQ + 0.2% C and Astaloy 85Mo +0.2% C) with and without trib...

Development of submicrocrystalline structure in biomedical alloy such as Ti-13Nb-13Zr (in wt%) through warm-rolling process has been found to enhance mechanical properties compared to conventional thermomechanical processing routes including hot-rolling process. The present study investigated the tribological and corrosion behaviors of warm-rolled (WR) and hot-rolled Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloys which h...