This study aimed to evaluate the effects of cellulase and xylanase plus enzymes on in vitro ruminal fermentation of Eragrostis curvura hay, maize stover and a total mixed ration (TMR) at six levels of application. The feed samples were incubated for 2, 12, 24, 32, 48, 72, h in an in vitro batch culture with buffer and ruminal fluid, and the fibrolytic enzymes associated with the six levels of a...

Four in vitro experiments (Exp.) were conducted to evaluate lavender essential oil (LEO) effects at 0 (control), 250 (low dose), 500 (medium dose), 750 and 1000 µL per L (high doses) of incubation medium on rumen gas production kinetics (Exp.1), ruminal digestibility and fermentation (Exp.2), methane production (Exp.3) and rumen acidosis (Exp.4). The asymptote of gas production (A) increased qu...

The effects of increasing concentrations of oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) essentials oil (EO) on ruminal gas emissions were tested in vitro using 50 mL serum bottles. Each bottle contained a 200 mg substrate (alfalfa hay and corn meal 1:1) and a 20 mL solution composed of a buffered medium and rumen fluid (1:2). The percentage of ruminal fermentation pro...

Five steam-flaked sorghum grain (SFSG) samples with bulk densities of 476, 412, 347, 309 and 283 g/liter made by adjusting tension between mill rollers and three reconstituted sorghum grain (RSG) samples with reconstitution times of 10, 20 and 30 d and a control sample were analyzed for gas production kinetics (rumen liquor fermentation) and enzymatic glucose release (amyloglucosidase). Protein...

The objectives of this study were to determine an optimal cultivation time for populations of yeast and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) co-cultured in fermented milk and effects of soybean meal fermented milk (SBMFM) supplementation on rumen degradability in beef cattle using nylon bag technique. The study on an optimal cultivation time for yeast and LAB growth in fermented milk was determined at 0,...

Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the effects of indigestible neutral detergent fiber (iNDF) of ration for estimation of rumen degradability of fiber in sheep. In experiment 1, to determine feed iNDF, four ruminal fistulated Zel ewes were used. Three grams of alfalfa hay, corn silage, barley grain, wheat bran, ration 1 (including alfalfa hay and concentrate), and ration 2 (including ...

the effects of a microbial inoculant (containing propionic and lactic acid bacteria) and formic acid onchemical composition, ruminal degradability of dry matter (dm) and nutrient digestibility of corn silage wereexamined. whole-plant corn was ensiled for 60 days in plastic polyethylene bags, and three treatments werecompared, 1: control (no additive), 2: propionibacterium acidipropionici plus l...

Abstract Unlocking browse species in semi-arid regions can be a key to improving the livestock productivity. The research was conducted assess variation chemical composition and vitro dry matter degradability as influenced by seasonal (summer winter) changes. Leaves from ten randomly selected browsable trees sixteen ( Vachellia karroo , Senegalia nigrescens nilotica Balanites maughamii Berchemi...