Developing countries are experiencing unprecedented levels of urbanization. Although most of these movements are motivated by economic reasons, they could affect the human capital accumulation of the children who follow their parents to the cities. This paper estimates the causal effect of permanently migrating as a child from a rural area to an urban area on human capital outcomes. To our know...

Migration continues to be a very important income diversification strategy, especially for poor populations in developing countries. However, while there has been much analysis on the economic consequences of migration for migrants and the receiving regions, whether internal migration improves or deteriorates human development is not easy to determine. This papers applies a recently development...

Climate change, especially the warming trend experienced by several countries, could a¤ect agricultural productivity. As a consequence, rural incomes will change, and with them the incentives for people to remain in rural areas. Using data from 116 countries between 1960 and 2000, we analyze the e¤ect of di¤erential warming trends across countries on the probability of either migrating out of t...

This study attempts to determine the impact that various income sources and different population categories in both urban and rural areas had on the overall level of income inequality in Turkey in 1994. Inequality is significantly higher in urban than in rural areas and this difference is mainly the consequence of differences in the Gini Index in both areas rather than being related to differen...

Since the mid-1980s, hundreds of millions of Chinese rural laborers have left the countryside to work in towns and cities and it is projected that this number will grow. The current rural-urban migration tide in China may be one of history’s biggest labor movements, however, it has not been fully studied due to limited data availability. This paper uses the micro level data that cover the broad...

"The aim of this paper is to argue the importance of considering ¿the household' in analyses of gender and rural-urban migration, both in respect of how it shapes the gender selectivity of migrant flows and how, in turn, the latter contributes to household diversity across rural and urban areas.... [It] examines the impacts of gender differentiated demographic mobility on contemporary household...

In China, as in many other countries undergoing rapid economic growth, increasing socio-economic inequalities and environmental damage are the main threats to sustainable urbanization. Drawing on international experiences, this paper describes the key issues in urban change in China and identifies the types of policy approaches that could support more sustainable urbanization. Urbanization and ...

Adult mortality in developing countries is always higher in rural areas than in towns and cities. This disadvantage is attributed to more unfavourable health and economic conditions in rural areas, as well as to differences in population structure. However, the migration flows to cities that accompany urbanization may modify the composition of the populations in the areas of origin and destinat...