Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) is a potential technique to coat a dense ceramic oxide layer on the surface of light metals, e.g. Al, Mg or Ti. In our PEO process, Al-pieces are emerged in aqueous solutions containing dissolved silicate/alkali, e.g. KOH/NaOH and K 2 SiO 3 /Na 2 SiO 3. Using a DC-pulsed system with 20Hz, micro-arcs are induced at the surface of the pieces randomly and plasma...

A series of photo-Fenton reactions have been performed for the degradation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in a 4.2-l reactor. The degradation reaction rate of TNT followed a pseudo-first-order behavior; and the rate constants for 2.4mW cm(-2)UV only, 2.4mW cm(-2)UV/H(2)O(2), Fenton, photo-Fenton (2.4mW cm(-2)) and photo-Fenton (4.7mW cm(-2)) were 0.002min(-1), 0.007min(-1), 0.014min(-1), 0.025m...

This article proposes a simple "in-situ" pulse respirometric method for the estimation of four important kinetic and stoichiometric parameters. The method is validated in a suspended biomass nitrifying reactor for the determination of (i) maximum oxygen uptake rate (OUR(ex)max), (ii) oxidation yield (f(E)), (iii) biomass growth yield (f(S)), and (iv) affinity constant (K(S)). OUR(ex)max and f(E...

As an efficient method for ammonium (NH4+) removal, contact catalytic oxidation technology has drawn much attention recently, due to its good low temperature resistance and short start-up period. Two identical filters were employed to compare the process for ammonium removal during the start-up period for ammonium removal in groundwater (Filter-N) and surface water (Filter-S) treatment. Two typ...

aims: in biological wastewater treatment processes, a large amount of sludge is produced. stabilization of sludge is essential before disposal because of the risks to human health and environment. therefore, selecting an appropriate process for stabilization this sludge may efficiently decrease risks. the aim of this study was to examine the compound efficiency of the advanced fenton and ozonat...

background : metronidazole, as one of the most widely used antibiotics in the world, in addition to various benefits, has significant adverse effects on the environment and animals. the catalytic ozonation process is one of the most successful methods for antibiotics removal. however, it should be noted that this process, like other oxidation processes, has some byproducts that can be toxic in ...