Sacral fractures in elderly patients with associated lumbosacral lesions can be overlooked easily because of vague symptoms and delayed neurological insufficiency. A 70-year-old female and a 73-year-old female presented with delayed neurological insufficiency caused by transverse sacral fracture after minor trauma. Both patients had suffered from lower extremity symptoms with dysuresia and dysc...

INTRODUCTION In reviewing a larger group of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (VCFs), we found that the overall incidence of sacral insufficiency fractures (SIFs) is higher than commonly reported values. This is especially seen in patients with previous or concurrent lumbar VCFs and also in a subgroup that had lumbar stenosis or hip arthroplasty. The altered biomechanics due to assoc...

The homeodomain (HD) protein Pit-1 cooperates with the basic-leucine zipper (b-ZIP) protein CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPα) to control pituitary-specific prolactin (PRL) gene transcription. We previously observed that C/EBPα was concentrated in regions of centromeric heterochromatin in pituitary GHFT1-5 cells and that co-expressed Pit-1 redistributed C/EBPα to the subnuclear sites...

Peptide immunotherapy (PIT) offers realistic prospects for the treatment of allergic diseases, including allergic asthma. Much is understood of the behavior of naive T cells in response to PIT. However, treatment of patients with ongoing allergic disease requires detailed understanding of the responses of allergen-experienced T cells. CD62L expression by allergen-experienced T cells corresponds...

Context : The sacrum generally is composed of five vertebrae fused to form a triangular bony mass with four pairs of sacral foramina. The sacrum may contain six vertebrae, by development of an additional sacral element or by incorporation of the fifth lumbar or first coccygeal vertebrae produces five pairs of sacral foramina. Sacralization is entirely undiagnosable without an X-ray examination ...

BACKGROUND It has been suggested that the effects of sacral nerve stimulation against fecal incontinence involve neuromodulation at spinal or supraspinal levels. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the afferent sensory pathways from the anorectum before and during sacral nerve stimulation. DESIGN This is an explorative study. PATIENTS Fifteen women with idiopathic fecal incontinence ...

Intraspinal schwannomas localized in the sacrum are relatively infrequent, accounting for 1-5% of all spinal axis schwannomas. They frequently grow to considerable size before detection; hence, the term giant sacral schwannoma. Sacral schwannomas arise from the sacral nerve roots. The diagnosis of schwannomas in the spinal canal is difficult because of their slow growth, often resulting in exte...

Other names: Currarino triad; ASP (Anal atresia, sacral anomalies, presacral mass); Sacral defect with Anterior Meningocoele Note: Currarino syndrome is a multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by partial agenesis of the sacrum in association with pelvic malformation. Anal atresia and the presence of a pre-sacral mass (teratoma and/or anterior meningocoele) make up the so called C...

The usefulness of magnifying endoscopy was assessed by examining the extent to which a magnifying endoscope can provide images of pits and by analyzing the consistency of the pit patterns visualized by magnifying endoscopy with the pit patterns visible under a stereomicroscope. Study materials consisted of 83 cases of tumorous colorectal lesions. Under a magnifying endoscope, pits were visible ...

BACKGROUND Pavlovian processes are thought to play an important role in the development, maintenance and relapse of alcohol dependence, possibly by influencing and usurping ongoing thought and behavior. The influence of pavlovian stimuli on ongoing behavior is paradigmatically measured by pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer (PIT) tasks. These involve multiple stages and are complex. Whether incr...