This case represents occult follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) with large metastasis to the sacrum. The patient, a 42-year-old female, presented after hemithyroidectomy for benign follicular adenoma with lower back pain associated with fever and sweating. A lytic lesion of the left sacral bone was found on the CT with biopsy showing metastatic carcinoma with morphology an...

Transverse sacral fractures in young patients occur with high-energy mechanisms. Because of the drawbacks in radiographic and neurologic evaluations of the sacral area in polytrauma patients, misdiagnosis is quite common. In this study, we aimed to report our clinical results in three patients with displaced transverse sacral fractures compromising the sacral canal and concomitant late-diagnose...

Sacral agenesis belongs to spectrum of aplastic vertebral malformations ranging from agenesis of coccyx to lower thoracic vertebrae and the term sacral agenesis has been used synonymously with caudal regression syndrome. Higher the defect, severe is the neurological deficit. Mangeau and Leclaire described a patient with ninth thoracic vertebra as the lowest segment(l). Sacral agenesis is more c...

Fixation to the sacrum and pelvis is a problem in the operative treatment of spinal deformity. Previous testing of pedicle screws address axial pull-out strength, yet how screws are loaded in vivo remains unknown. The goals of this study were to determine the loads experienced by sacral screws when loaded as part of Cotrel-Dubousset (CD) sacral instrumentation and whether different anterior gra...

BACKGROUND The caudal approach to the epidural space has been used for decades to treat low back pain caused by lumbosacral root compression. The use of fluoroscopy during epidural steroid injection is the preferred method for placing the needle more accurately in the sacral hiatus, but it carries the risk of radiation hazard. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to assess the anatomical struc...

OBJECTIVES   To report about our first short series of laparoscopic implantation of neuroprothesis-LION procedure-to the sacral plexus for treatment of different neurogenic bladder dysfunctions in patients in whom percutaneous sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) failed. MATERIAL AND METHODS   A unilateral sacral LION procedure was performed in four patients with a refractary interstitial cystitis,...

Here we use the description of a new specimen of the small caseid synapsid Casea broilii that preserves the sacral, pelvic and hind limb regions in great detail and in three dimensions, as a unique opportunity to reevaluate the early stages in the evolution of the sacrum in the lineage that led to mammals. We place this new material in the context of sacral evolution in early caseid synapsids a...

The sacral spinal epidural space is an uncommon site for primary malignant lymphomas, presenting with symptoms associated with cauda equina compression. Especially, lumbo-sacral epidural lymphoma has been reported to be very rare. We present a rare case of 29-year-old male with sacral spinal epidural malignant lymphoma. The patient complained of tingling sensation in his buttocks that was radia...