a r t i c l e i n f o Glacial and early Holocene-age sediments from lakes on Mt. Kenya have documented strong responses of mon-tane hydrology, ecosystems, and carbon cycling to past changes in temperature and atmospheric CO 2 concentrations. However, little is known about climate and ecosystem variations on Mt. Kenya during the Common Era (the past ~2000 years), despite mounting evidence for si...

The study on importance of traditional practices in conservation of medicinal plants in West Usambara Mountains, Tanzania was conducted by using focus group discussions, interviews, participant observation, and botanical survey. Nine traditional practices for conservation of wild plants were identified as domestication; beliefs in sacredness of trees; beliefs in sacred forests; respect of cultu...

Despite rapidly ongoing globalisation, some forests in Kenya are managed by local people in a traditional and sustainable way. It is assumed that the related perception of forest use by local people is based on specific values and attitudes. The aim of this paper is to investigate intangible forest-related values and attitudes of the Tiriki, tribal villagers living around the Kakamega forest in...

The cultural valuation of biodiversity has taken on renewed importance over the last two decades as the ecosystem services framework has become widely adopted. Conservation initiatives increasingly use ecosystem service frameworks to render tropical forest landscapes and their peoples legible to market-oriented initiatives such as REDD+ and biodiversity offsetting schemes. Ecosystem service app...

PRÉCIS There are various structural morphologies. Some of these may usefully be regarded as ““natural”” morphologies of structure. Characteristically they are discovered and elaborated in accord with their intrinsic quality, rather than idealistically schematized and then imposed upon existence. Examples are the regular and semi-regular polyhedra, the beautiful pattern of interrelationship they...

bearing in mind that this quarterly has specially noted the irgc artillery establishment, organizational development and function during the sacred defense, it has considered this topic in this section too: 1. artillery in the iran-iraq war according to the existing documents; 2. areport on karbala headquarter's function in badr operation; 3. khoramshahr artillery establishment process; 4....