Physiological monitoring studies have shown that some preterm infants who are otherwise ready for hospital discharge experience episodes of oxygen desaturation, apnoea, or bradycardia when seated in standard car safety seats. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that all preterm infants are assessed for cardiorespiratory stability in their car seat before discharge: the "car seat chall...

Despite considerable improvements in frontal impact crashworthiness, frontal crashes still account for a major number of front seat occupant fatalities in Great Britain. This study attempted to determine the remaining potential for further fatality reduction with passive safety improvements in frontal crashes. No evidence was found to support an increase in crash test speeds. Instead, assessmen...

Many wheelchair users must travel in motor vehicles while seated in their wheelchairs. The safety features of seat assemblies are key to motor vehicle occupant crash protection. Seating system properties such as strength, stiffness, and energy absorbance have been shown to have significant influence on risk of submarining. This study investigated the effects of wheelchair seat stiffness and ene...

This study evaluates the effectiveness of state child safety seat laws in the United States. Data for all fifty states for the period 1975 to 1994 are used. Pooled time series analysis is employed to estimate a model of the rate of fatalities suffered by children ages 0-5 years as occupants in automobile crashes. The occupant fatality rate for children 6-11 years of age is used as a comparison ...

OBJECTIVE Scientifically based injury prevention efforts have not been widely implemented in Latin America. This study was undertaken to evaluate the baseline knowledge and practices of childhood safety on the part of parents in Monterrey, Mexico and in so doing provide information on which to base subsequent injury prevention efforts. METHODS Interviews were carried out with parents from thr...

BACKGROUND Motor vehicle-related injuries are the leading cause of death among children, adolescents, and young adults. PURPOSE To systematically review evidence of the effectiveness of counseling people of any age in primary care settings about occupant restraints or alcohol-related driving to prevent injuries. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane ...

BACKGROUND Many children 4 to 9 years old are inappropriately restrained in vehicles and are at risk for injury in crashes. OBJECTIVES This study was undertaken to determine the rate of booster seat use and the reasons for nonuse. METHODS Observations were conducted at a random sample of day care centers, and drivers of unrestrained children 4 to 8 years old were interviewed to determine th...

STUDY OBJECTIVE We evaluated the efficacy of safety devices (seat belts and air bags) on hospital resource use and injury severity while controlling for variables known to affect outcome of motor vehicle crashes. METHODS We conducted a prospective observational study of motor vehicle crash victims who were transported to the hospital in a suburban-rural county with a population of 1.4 million...

Abstract The passive safety of the vehicle is ensured by designing optimized restraint systems to protect occupants during accident. safety-belts have role restraining car on seat an impact or in event a rollover. Their retention prevents minimizes between and interior components passenger compartment. Two simplified models structures are proposed determine strength anchorages. test anchorage f...

Buses are one of the safest modes of transport available and one of the options that governments in Europe are especially trying to promote, in order to meet congestion and emission targets. When a bus accident occurs it often becomes the focus of media and public attention, especially because the people involved had confidence in the transport and sometimes it is their sole transport reliance....