The modified two-stream approximation is derived from the radiative transfer equation using a two-point gaussian quadrature and neglecting terms of order 2 > 3 in the Legendre expansion of the phase function. The results are compared with the Eddington approximation and with exact results for the special cases of perfect absorption, perfect scattering, and a semi-infinite layer with isotropic s...

We study scattering of light from multi-layer plasmonic nanowires and reveal that such structures can demonstrate both enhanced and suppressed scattering regimes. We employ the mode-expansion method and experimental data for material parameters and introduce an optimized core-shell nanowire design which exhibits simultaneously superscattering and cloaking properties at different wavelengths in ...

We present characteristic doughnut-shaped image patterns of gold nanorods embedded in a thin layer of a gel matrix observed under a dark-field microscope. The characteristic scattering field distributions allow us to estimate the spatial orientation of single gold nanorods. The measured scattering patterns are further verified by a simulation study.

The fluctuations in freely suspended smectic-A films have been studied using specular and diffuse X-ray scattering. Such films thin layer-by-layer above the bulk transition temperature of the smectic-A—nematic phase transition. The electron density profiles obtained from specular reflectivity demonstrate that thinning originates from nematic layers being expelled from the interior of the film. ...

In this paper, we examine discrete time propagation graphs as a potential framework for thin scattering layer models. The particular class of interest are propagation graphs formed from Cayley graphs of Zd, as their underlying geometry and shift-invariance make them appealing as potential models of the desired physical process. We show that their shift-invariant nature makes it possible to use ...

Inversion-layer mobility in MOSFETs is quantitatively examined by taking MOSFETs with oxynitride and ultra-thin gate oxides as examples. It was shown that additional Coulomb scattering due to charged impurities in poly-Si gate and due to fixed charges in oxynitride gate oxides is responsible for the mobility degradation in low effective electric field region for ultra-thin gate oxides and oxyni...

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) tomography is a powerful approach to investigate the relationship between 3-D radar backscattering and physical structure of agricultural vegetation, which is not fully understood yet. In this paper, the focus is set on the characterization of polarimetric scattering and propagation effects within the vegetation layer as a function of species, time and frequency. ...

Sidescan sonar detects objects buried in the seafloor through generating images of ordnance such as seamine buried in sediments. The sonar operates by illuminating a broad swath of the seabed using a line array of acoustic projectors while acoustic backscattering from the illuminated sediment volume is measured. The effect of suspended sediment on the sonar imagery depends on the volume scatter...

An improved theory for remote-charge-scattering-limited mobility in silicon inversion layers is developed. The model takes into account the effects of image charges, screening, inversion layer quantization, the contribution of different subbands, oxide thickness, the actual distribution of charged centers inside the structure, the actual distribution of carriers in the inversion layer, the corr...

In this paper we establish the stability and convergence of the time-domain perfectly matched layer (PML) method for solving the acoustic scattering problems. We first prove the well-posedness and the stability of the time-dependent acoustic scattering problem with the Dirichlet-to-Neumann boundary condition. Next we show the well-posedness of the unsplit-field PML method for the acoustic scatt...