For a long time catatonic signs were considered to be the specific features of schizophrenia (Vogdt 1958). It soon became clear that such features may occur in functional psychoses other than schizophrenia and in fact, may even be more common in affective psychosis than schizophrenia (Abram & Taylor 1976). Apart from functional disorders like schizophrenia, affective psychosis and hysteria, a c...

Tandem systems are seen in many places and at various hierarchical levels in highspeed communication networks, from router architectures to protocol stacks. If the traffic fed into the system is generated by independent or weakly dependent sources and the smallest relevant time scale is not too fine, the central limit theorem suggests that the input traffic is (close to) Gaussian. This paper co...

T he Award for Meritorious Contributions to Neuropathology recognizes a member who has made significant contributions to the advancement of knowledge in neuropathology and provided service to the American Association of Neuropathologists. The qualities of outstanding scientific achievement and service are embodied in the 2007 recipients, Drs. James M. Powers and Cedric S. Raine. The American As...

The movement of the chest during breathing has been recorded in normal and asthmatic subjects by means of electronic transducers which measured changes in anteroposterior and lateral diameters. Preliminary studies showed that exercise-induced bronchoconstriction caused distortion of the movement of the diameters in relation to each other and to volume change recorded at the mouth. Because of th...

We read with great interest the article by Fleckenstein et al. on the association of the diffuse-trickling (DT) phenotype of geographic atrophy (GA) with cardiovascular disease (CVD), with possible significance for choroidal vascular compromise. We wish to make the readership of IOVS aware that our group has published several relevant observations about the relation among reticular macular dise...

Third-party interventions are defined as the interruption of dyadic interactions by third animals through direct physical contact, interposing or threats. Previous studies focused on analysing interventions against agonistic encounters. However, evaluations of interventions against affiliative behaviours in relation to the intervening animal’s social relationships and its social and spatial pos...

Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) remains a prominent feature of human traumatic brain injury (TBI) and a major player in its subsequent morbidity. The importance of this widespread axonal damage has been confirmed by multiple approaches including routine postmortem neuropathology as well as advanced imaging, which is now capable of detecting the signatures of traumatically induced axonal injury acro...

BACKGROUND The glomerular grading system is useful to compare biopsy specimens and to predict the natural course of disease in IgA nephropathy (IgAN), although no grading system can be perfect. METHODS H. S. Lee's grading system for IgAN was refined as follows: grade I, normal or focal mesangial cell proliferation; grade II, diffuse mesangial cell proliferation, or <25% of glomeruli with cres...

Diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) is an idiopathic inflammatory disease, largely restricted to Japan, that is characterized by progressive suppurative and obstructive airway disease, which, if left untreated, progresses to bronchiectasis, respiratory failure, and death. The lesion was first described in the early 1960s. In 1969 the name diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) was proposed to distinguish it...