Large glycosylating toxins are major virulence factors of various species of pathogenic Clostridia. Prototypes are Clostridium difficile toxins A and B, which cause antibiotics-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. The current model of the toxins' action suggests that receptor binding is mediated by a C-terminal domain of combined repetitive oligopeptides (CROP). This model is chall...

After three to four decades of substantial inlittle evidence of a trend, it is considered to crease, yields per acre of major U.S. crops aphave plateaued. The second objective is to pear to have tapered off. The average annual investigate whether a crop yield series, if rate of growth in crop yields' decreased trendless, is random or oscillatory and, if nonmarkedly from 2.7 percent for the 1950...

The relationship between soil water content (SWC) and vegetation, topography, and climatic conditions is critical for developing effective agricultural water management practices and improving agricultural water use efficiency in arid areas. The purpose of this study was to determine how crop cover influenced spatial and temporal variation of soil water. During a study, SWC was measured under m...

Crop acreage assessment is of particular importance in China where total crop land area is shrinking following the urbanization, directly threatening the policy of grain self-sufficiency. This study demonstrated the application potential of remote sensing to estimate large crop areas on the North China Plain (NCP). The cropping pattern in this plain comprises two growth seasons per year. The ha...

In recent years, agricultural growth in China has accelerated remarkably, but most of this growth has been driven by increased yield per unit area rather than by expansion of the cultivated area. Looking towards 2030, to meet the demand for grain and to feed a growing population on the available arable land, it is suggested that annual crop production should be increased to around 580 Mt and th...

In recent years, agricultural growth in China has accelerated remarkably, but most of this growth has been driven by increased yield per unit area rather than by expansion of the cultivated area. Looking towards 2030, to meet the demand for grain and to feed a growing population on the available arable land, it is suggested that annual crop production should be increased to around 580 Mt and th...

Gene flow exposed by genetically engineered crops Gene flow is the transfer of genes between populations of the same or related species. The exchange between crop cultivars of genes selected by traditional breeding that confer characteristics such as shorter stems, higher yield, or increased seed quality will attract little attention. In the same way, crop-weed hybrids having acquired traits su...

abstract the present study was carried out for developing and evaluating of the optimization model of cropping pattern in irrigation networks using analytical hierarchy process (ahp). the model was programmed into two sub-models. the objective of the first sub-model was ranking of crop appropriately, and the objective of the second sub-model was ranking of cropping area of each crop. ten criter...

A number of crop products generated by using biotechnology have been introduced to the marketplace. These biotechnology products have been carefully evaluated for their overall safety from an agronomic, environmental, performance, and equivalence perspective, and the safety of the newly expressed protein(s). One aspect of the safety evaluation is the question concerning potential allergenicity....