BACKGROUND Pregnancy registries for women taking anticonvulsant drugs have been developed to determine more efficiently the fetal risks of each drug. A total of 722 drug-exposed pregnancies are needed to identify a sevenfold increase in the rate of occurrence of a specific abnormality, such as spina bifida, with a frequency of 1 in 1,000. METHODS The infants with major malformations born to t...

BACKGROUND Conventional studies of the cleft lip/palate (CLP) dysmorphology have mainly focused on deformities of the lip, nose, and maxilla, while ignoring the mandible. Reasons for that were the lack of well-defined mandibular deformity and restriction from the research methodology. METHODS This study used 3-dimensional computed tomography (CT) imaging data from 35 patients with unilateral ...

introduction: cleft lip and palate are among the most common congenital anomalies worldwide. this study was conducted in order to explore the incidence and related factors of cleft lip and/or palate (cl/p) among live births in mashhad, north-eastern iran.   materials and methods: in this cross-sectional study, records of 28,519 infants born between march 1982 and march 2011 at three major hospi...

results no significant difference was found between the groups regarding bmht rs3797546 gene polymorphism. the c allele was not associated with ns-cl/p (or = 1.27, 95% ci = 0.85-2.79, p = 0.690). conclusions our data suggested that bmht rs3797546 gene polymorphism was not associated with risk/ protection for ns-cl/p in a sample of iranian population. larger studies are required to validate our ...

Cleft lip with or without cleft palate is one of the most common congenital malformations in newborns. While numerous studies on secondary palatogenesis exist, data regarding normal upper lip formation and cleft lip is limited. We previously showed that conditional inactivation of Tgf-beta type I receptor Alk5 in the ectomesenchyme resulted in total facial clefting. While the role of Tgf-beta s...

Background: Cleft Lip and Palate (CLP) are hereditary deformity of craniofacial structure. Temporomandibular disorder has number clinical problems affecting muscles mastication its associated structures. There several methods used to evaluate temporomandibular dysfunction (MRI, etc), Helkimo index is a settler in advancing indices, other indices CMI, MFIQ, FONSECA. The design the following stud...

Background and objectives: Cleft lip palate deformity is one of the highly frequent most difficult problems arising in orthodontic clinics, associated with these deformities dental anomalies presented as defect number eruption process, this study aimed to find prevalence cleft patients Erbil city. Method: One hundred orthopantomograms out 167 examined by a well-trained orthodontist for presence...

Bilateral cleft lip and palate patients may present a vertical excess of the premaxilla, which is a severe aesthetic and functional problem. Early surgical correction may lead to secondary growth impairment. We present a suggested protocol based on the severity of the vertical excess and on the age of the patient, which includes orthopedic, orthodontic, and surgical corrections. Patients are pr...